A∗STAR Skin Research Labs (A∗SRL), Singapore, Singapore.
A∗STAR Skin Research Labs (A∗SRL), Singapore, Singapore.
Allergol Int. 2022 Jan;71(1):31-39. doi: 10.1016/j.alit.2021.11.001. Epub 2021 Nov 24.
The skin microbiome is a key component of pathogenesis in atopic dermatitis (AD). The skin of AD patients is characterized by microbial dysbiosis, with a reduction of microbial diversity and overrepresentation of pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Recent exciting studies have elucidated an importance of establishing an appropriate immune response to microbes in early life and uncovered the new mechanisms of microbial community dynamics in modulating our skin microbiome. Several microbes are associated with AD pathogenesis, with proposed pathogenic effects from S. aureus and Malassezia. The complex relationships between microbes within the skin microbiome consortia includes various species, such as Staphylococcal, Roseomonas and Cutibacterium strains, that can inhibit S. aureus and are potential probiotics for AD skin. Numerous microbes are now also reported to modulate host response via communication with keratinocytes, specialized immune cells and adipocytes to improve skin health and barrier function. This increased understanding of skin microbiota bioactives has led to new biotherapeutic approaches that target the skin surface microenvironment for AD treatment.
皮肤微生物组是特应性皮炎（AD）发病机制的关键组成部分。AD 患者的皮肤表现为微生物失调，微生物多样性减少，致病性金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus）过度表达。最近令人兴奋的研究阐明了在生命早期建立对微生物的适当免疫反应的重要性，并揭示了微生物群落动态调节我们皮肤微生物组的新机制。一些微生物与 AD 的发病机制有关，金黄色葡萄球菌和马拉色菌有潜在的致病作用。皮肤微生物组联合体中微生物之间的复杂关系包括各种物种，如葡萄球菌、玫瑰单胞菌和棒状杆菌菌株，它们可以抑制金黄色葡萄球菌，是 AD 皮肤的潜在益生菌。现在也有大量微生物通过与角质形成细胞、特化免疫细胞和脂肪细胞的通讯来调节宿主反应，以改善皮肤健康和屏障功能。对皮肤微生物组生物活性的这种深入了解导致了针对 AD 治疗的皮肤表面微环境的新的生物治疗方法。
