Zhao Mutong, Li Xu, Li Yan, Ma Lili, Liu Ying, Wang Shan, Tian Jing, Liang Yuan, Shen Chunping, Ma Xiuhua, Yu Dan, Ma Lin
Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, People's Republic of China.
Department of Allergy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China.
J Inflamm Res. 2025 Aug 19;18:11205-11216. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S534551. eCollection 2025.
Early-life gut microbiota and metabolism are increasingly linked to immune development and atopic diseases. However, predictive microbial and metabolic markers present during the neonatal period for later atopic dermatitis (AD) remain poorly defined. This study aimed to identify early-life gut microbiome and metabolite signatures associated with the development of AD by one year of age.
We conducted a prospective birth cohort study in Beijing, China, enrolling 18 infants with fecal samples collected at 42 days of age. Infants were followed for one year and classified into AD (n = 6) or non-AD (n = 12) groups. Fecal samples underwent 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomic profiling. Key microbial taxa, differential metabolites, and functional pathways were identified and integrated via multi-omics correlation analysis.
While overall microbial diversity was similar between groups, was significantly less abundant in the AD group. and showed strong correlations with lipid- and amino acid-related metabolites, including linoleic acid and N2-acetyl-L-ornithine. AD infants exhibited reduced levels of linoleic acid and choline phosphate. KEGG analysis revealed enrichment in linoleic acid metabolism, sphingolipid signaling, and AGE-RAGE signaling pathways. Integrated network analysis identified microbial-metabolite modules potentially involved in immune and barrier regulation.
Multi-omics profiling of the infant gut at 42 days identified microbial and metabolic features associated with later AD development. These findings support the gut-skin axis and suggest potential early-life biomarkers for predicting AD risk and informing targeted prevention strategies.
生命早期的肠道微生物群和新陈代谢与免疫发育和过敏性疾病的联系日益紧密。然而，新生儿期存在的、可预测日后特应性皮炎（AD）的微生物和代谢标志物仍未明确界定。本研究旨在确定与1岁时AD发生相关的生命早期肠道微生物组和代谢物特征。
我们在中国北京开展了一项前瞻性出生队列研究，纳入18名婴儿，在其42日龄时采集粪便样本。对婴儿进行为期一年的随访，并分为AD组（n = 6）或非AD组（n = 12）。对粪便样本进行16S rRNA基因测序和非靶向代谢组学分析。通过多组学相关分析确定并整合关键微生物分类群、差异代谢物和功能通路。
虽然两组之间的总体微生物多样性相似，但AD组中的[具体微生物名称未给出]丰度显著较低。[具体微生物名称未给出]和[具体微生物名称未给出]与脂质和氨基酸相关代谢物，包括亚油酸和N2-乙酰-L-鸟氨酸，显示出强相关性。AD婴儿的亚油酸和磷酸胆碱水平降低。KEGG分析显示亚油酸代谢、鞘脂信号传导和AGE-RAGE信号通路富集。综合网络分析确定了可能参与免疫和屏障调节的微生物-代谢物模块。
对42日龄婴儿肠道进行的多组学分析确定了与日后AD发展相关的微生物和代谢特征。这些发现支持了肠-皮轴，并提示了潜在的生命早期生物标志物，可用于预测AD风险并为靶向预防策略提供依据。
