School of Public Health and Health Systems, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Institute of Public Policy and Administration, Graduate School of Development, University of Central Asia, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
Public Health Nutr. 2022 Jun;25(6):1461-1471. doi: 10.1017/S1368980021004663. Epub 2021 Nov 29.
This study qualitatively examined dietary diversity among married women of reproductive age who engaged in two socio-economic activities to explore the dynamics of food availability, access, costs and consumption.
Qualitative in-depth interviews. The food groups in the Minimum Dietary Diversity for women were used to explore women's dietary diversity. IDI were used to develop a roster of daily food consumption over a week. We explored food items that were considered expensive and frequency of consumption, food items that women require permission to consume and frequency of permission sought and the role of economic empowerment. Data analysis followed an inductive-deductive approach to thematic analysis.
Rural and peri-urban setting in Enugu State, Nigeria.
Thirty-eight married women of reproductive age across two socio-economic groupings (women who work only at home and those who worked outside their homes) were recruited in April 2019.
Economic empowerment improved women's autonomy in food purchase and consumption. However, limited income restricted women from full autonomy in consumption decisions and access. Consumption of non-staple food items, especially flesh proteins, would benefit from women's economic empowerment, whereas staple food items would not benefit so much. Dietary diversity is influenced by food production and purchase where factors including seasonal variation in food availability, prices, contextual factors that influence women's autonomy and income are important determinants.
With limited income, agency and access to household financial resources coupled with norms that restrict women's income earning, women continue to be at risk for not achieving adequate dietary diversity.
本研究通过定性分析参与两种社会经济活动的育龄已婚妇女的饮食多样性，探讨食物供应、获取、成本和消费的动态变化。
深入的定性访谈。使用最低女性饮食多样性中的食物组来探索女性的饮食多样性。使用个人深入访谈来制定一周内日常食物消费的清单。我们探讨了被认为昂贵的食物以及消费频率、妇女需要获得许可才能消费的食物以及寻求许可的频率，以及经济赋权的作用。数据分析采用了归纳演绎法进行主题分析。
尼日利亚埃努古州的农村和城郊地区。
2019 年 4 月，招募了来自两个社会经济群体（仅在家工作的妇女和在外工作的妇女）的 38 名育龄已婚妇女。
经济赋权提高了妇女在购买和消费食物方面的自主权。然而，有限的收入限制了妇女在消费决策和获取方面的完全自主权。非主食食物的消费，特别是肉类蛋白质，将受益于妇女的经济赋权，而主食食物则不会受益太多。饮食多样性受到食物生产和购买的影响，其中包括食物供应的季节性变化、价格、影响妇女自主权和收入的背景因素等都是重要的决定因素。
由于收入有限、代理和获得家庭财务资源的机会有限，再加上限制妇女收入的规范，妇女仍然面临无法实现充足饮食多样性的风险。
