Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN.
Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2021 Dec 1;42(9):742-750. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000958.
Sleep is vital for healthy development, yet most adolescents do not meet recommended nightly hours. Although racial/ethnic minorities often experience relatively worse sleep outcomes compared with White peers, little is known about how the sleep-mental health relationship holds across diverse groups or how family relationships affect this association.
Using data on 8th, 9th, and 11th grade public school respondents to the 2016 Minnesota Student Survey (N = 113,834), we conducted univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses to examine whether sleep duration was associated with depressive symptoms, suicide ideation, and suicide attempt, adjusting for sociodemographic covariates. Furthermore, we examined the effect of the parent-child connectedness by sleep interaction on these relationships. Analyses were conducted for 9 racial/ethnic groups collectively and separately.
Overall, youth sleep duration and parent-child connectedness were independently associated with reduced rates of depressive symptoms, suicide ideation, and suicide attempt. There was significant interaction between parent-child connectedness and sleep, demonstrating that connectedness magnifies the benefits of the sleep-mental health relationship. Main effects of sleep and parent-child connectedness for mental health were similar for most individual racial/ethnic groups, although magnitudes varied. The connectedness-sleep interaction only remained significant for White and Asian youth on select suicide-related outcomes.
Despite racial/ethnic differences, adolescent sleep and parent-child connectedness both seem to buffer youth from poor mental health in a large, multiethnic sample. On the whole, these factors demonstrate a synergistic protective effect and reflect promising intervention targets. The extent to which their interactive benefit translates across diverse populations requires additional study.
睡眠对健康发育至关重要，但大多数青少年的夜间睡眠时间都达不到建议时长。尽管与白人同龄人相比，少数族裔青少年的睡眠质量往往较差，但人们对不同群体之间的睡眠与心理健康的关系以及家庭关系如何影响这种关联知之甚少。
我们利用 2016 年明尼苏达州学生调查（N=113834）中对 8 年级、9 年级和 11 年级公立学校学生的调查数据，通过单变量、双变量和多变量分析来检验睡眠时长与抑郁症状、自杀意念和自杀企图之间的关系，调整了社会人口学协变量。此外，我们还检验了睡眠与亲子关系相互作用对这些关系的影响。分析是针对 9 个种族/族裔群体进行的，同时也分别进行了分析。
总的来说，青少年的睡眠时长和亲子关系与降低抑郁症状、自杀意念和自杀企图的发生率独立相关。亲子关系与睡眠之间存在显著的相互作用，表明亲子关系增强了睡眠与心理健康之间的关系。对于大多数个体种族/族裔群体来说，睡眠和亲子关系对心理健康的主要影响是相似的，尽管程度有所不同。只有在白人青少年和亚裔青少年中，亲子关系与睡眠的相互作用对某些自杀相关结果仍具有显著意义。
尽管存在种族/族裔差异，但青少年的睡眠和亲子关系似乎都能在一个大型的多民族样本中缓冲青少年的心理健康问题。总的来说，这些因素显示出协同保护作用，反映了有希望的干预目标。它们的交互效益在不同人群中的传播程度还需要进一步研究。
