Wang Xing, Zhong Yunhui, Wang Rui, Zhang Dongdong, Li Yihan, Pan Yi, Li Yibo
Huzhou Third Municipal Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, People's Republic of China.
The Third People's Hospital of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China.
Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2025 May 21;18:1155-1167. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S516062. eCollection 2025.
Previous studies on the relationship between sleep duration and anxiety have yielded inconsistent results. This study aimed to explore this association using data from a large, nationally representative sample of US adults.
Data from 13,476 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2012 were analyzed. Weighted robust Poisson regression models were employed to assess the relationship between sleep duration and anxiety, with additional subgroup analyses conducted to explore variations across different demographic groups.
Among participants, 25.8% exhibited symptoms of anxiety. Compared to normal sleep duration (7-9 hours), very short sleep durations (<5 hours) and short sleep durations (5 to <7 hours) were significantly linked to higher anxiety risks, with adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of 1.40 (95% CI [1.23-1.59]) and 1.17 (95% CI [1.09-1.25]), respectively. Subgroup analyses revealed that shorter sleep durations were more strongly associated with anxiety in males, older adults, racial minorities, and married individuals compared to their counterparts. Notably, long sleep duration (≥9 hours) showed no significant overall association with anxiety (IRR = 1.11 [0.95-1.29]); however, in specific subgroups such as non-married individuals and younger adults, it was linked to an increased risk of anxiety.
Short sleep duration is associated with an increased risk of anxiety, with the strength of this association differing notably across demographic subgroups. Long sleep duration is associated with higher anxiety risk exclusively in specific groups, including non-married individuals and younger adults. Further research is needed to uncover the mechanisms underlying these associations.
先前关于睡眠时间与焦虑之间关系的研究结果并不一致。本研究旨在利用来自美国成年人的具有全国代表性的大样本数据来探究这种关联。
对2007 - 2012年国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）中13476名参与者的数据进行了分析。采用加权稳健泊松回归模型来评估睡眠时间与焦虑之间的关系，并进行了额外的亚组分析以探讨不同人口统计学群体之间的差异。
在参与者中，25.8%表现出焦虑症状。与正常睡眠时间（7 - 9小时）相比，极短睡眠时间（<5小时）和短睡眠时间（5至<7小时）与更高的焦虑风险显著相关，调整后的发病率比（IRR）分别为1.40（95%置信区间[1.23 - 1.59]）和1.17（95%置信区间[1.09 - 1.25]）。亚组分析显示，与相应人群相比，睡眠时间较短在男性、老年人、少数族裔和已婚个体中与焦虑的关联更强。值得注意的是，长睡眠时间（≥9小时）总体上与焦虑无显著关联（IRR = 1.11 [0.95 - 1.29]）；然而，在特定亚组中，如未婚个体和年轻人中，它与焦虑风险增加有关。
睡眠时间短与焦虑风险增加有关，这种关联的强度在不同人口统计学亚组中存在显著差异。长睡眠时间仅在特定群体中与较高的焦虑风险有关，包括未婚个体和年轻人。需要进一步研究以揭示这些关联背后的机制。
