Ekawasti Fitrine, Nurcahyo Raden Wisnu, Firdausy Lintang Winantya, Wardhana April Hari, Sawitri Dyah Haryuningtyas, Prastowo Joko, Priyowidodo Dwi
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
Indonesian Research Center for Veterinary Sciences, Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, Ministry of Agriculture Republic Indonesia, Bogor, 16167, Indonesia.
Vet World. 2021 Sep;14(9):2339-2345. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.2339-2345. Epub 2021 Sep 6.
spp. are gastrointestinal protozoans that affect animal productivity, thereby causing symptoms that range from bloody diarrhea to death. These symptoms cause economic losses to farmers. The distribution of spp. in cattle has, therefore, been reported to have spread widely, especially in the tropics and subtropics. Indonesia is a tropical country at high risk of infections. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and risk factors related to the levels of eimeriosis in beef cattle originating from different geographic areas in Indonesia.
Here, 817 fecal samples were collected from beef cattle in Indonesia, including 282 calves, 535 adults, 530 males, and 287 females. In addition, 156 semi-intensively and 661 intensively managed cattle were randomly collected. Then, fecal samples were analyzed by parasitology examinations.
Screening examination using the sugar flotation modification method showed that Eimeria spp. were prevalent in Indonesia, as 65.4% of the bacterial strain was detected. The prevalence of identified Eimeria spp. in Indonesia was highest in North Maluku (Maluku Island) (94.1%), whereas the lowest levels were observed in West Java (24.0%) (Java Island). The prevalence was also found to be higher in males (79.3%) than females (51.9%). Similarly, levels in semi-intensively managed cattle (66.7%) were higher than those subjected to intensive management (65.9%). However, its prevalence in calf and adult cattle was similar.
Bovine eimeriosis spp. were detected at high prevalence in Indonesia, and high-level risks were observed in infected males, including those under the semi-intensive management. In addition, although the results from oocyst examinations were based on qualitative analysis, the endemicity levels of Eimeria spp. among farms in Indonesia should be considered because Eimeria spp. were distributed in most parts of Indonesia. Based on the results of this study, we provide the first information about the prevalence of bovine eimeriosis from different geographical locations in Indonesia, which have differing climates associated with the level of the existing risk factors. Hence, farmers are advised to pay more attention to strict biosecurity techniques on their farms, thereby favoring the early control of bovine eimeriosis.
艾美耳球虫属是影响动物生产力的胃肠道原生动物，会引发从血痢到死亡等一系列症状，给养殖户造成经济损失。因此，据报道艾美耳球虫属在牛群中的分布广泛，尤其是在热带和亚热带地区。印度尼西亚是一个热带国家，面临较高的艾美耳球虫感染风险。本研究旨在确定印度尼西亚不同地理区域肉牛的艾美耳球虫病患病率及相关风险因素。
本研究从印度尼西亚的肉牛中收集了817份粪便样本，其中包括282头犊牛、535头成年牛、530头雄性牛和287头雌性牛。此外，还随机收集了156份半集约化管理和661份集约化管理的牛的样本。随后，通过寄生虫学检查对粪便样本进行分析。
采用糖浮选改良法进行筛查检测发现，艾美耳球虫属在印度尼西亚普遍存在，检测到65.4%的菌株。在印度尼西亚，已鉴定的艾美耳球虫属患病率在北马鲁古（马鲁古岛）最高（94.1%），而在西爪哇（爪哇岛）最低（24.0%）。还发现雄性牛的患病率（79.3%）高于雌性牛（51.9%）。同样，半集约化管理的牛的患病率（66.7%）高于集约化管理的牛（65.9%）。然而，其在犊牛和成年牛中的患病率相似。
在印度尼西亚检测到牛艾美耳球虫病的患病率较高，在感染的雄性牛中观察到高风险水平，包括半集约化管理的牛。此外，尽管卵囊检查结果基于定性分析，但由于艾美耳球虫属分布于印度尼西亚的大部分地区，应考虑其在印度尼西亚各养殖场中的地方流行程度。基于本研究结果，我们提供了有关印度尼西亚不同地理位置牛艾美耳球虫病患病率的首个信息，这些地区的气候不同，现有风险因素水平也不同。因此，建议养殖户更加重视养殖场的严格生物安全技术，从而有利于早期控制牛艾美耳球虫病。
