Bovine coccidiosis and molecular characterization of pathogenic species in dairy cattle on Grati-Pasuruan, East Java, Indonesia.

BACKGROUND

Coccidiosis, caused by spp., is a protozoan infection that rapidly spreads in the gastrointestinal tract of cattle. Coccidiosis requires attention from all parties, including the government, because it remains a neglected disease that impacts milk and meat production, potentially compromising food security and nutrition. The disease is frequently observed on farms with poor management systems, inadequate housing sanitation, and suboptimal environmental conditions. spp. primarily cause mortality in calves less than 1 year old. Infection occurs when cattle consume sporulated oocysts that contaminate their water and feed, and this is the primary mode of transmission.

AIM

This study aimed to identify various species of spp. oocysts, followed by molecular characterization to identify pathogenic spp. in dairy cattle.

METHODS

Fresh fecal samples were collected from 100 dairy cattle. Microscopic examination was performed to detect using floatation. Molecular characterization of pathogenic spp. by Polymerase Chain Reaction. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting of the ribosomal RNA gene's Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 (ITS-1) region.

RESULT

The analysis indicated that 47 samples tested positive for the presence of spp. oocysts. The analysis revealed five different species of . Four samples with oocyst concentrations ranging from 250 to 2,500/ml were selected for DNA extraction and amplification, and using conventional PCR methods, (238 bp) was identified. Positive results for the molecular characterization of pathogenic spp. were obtained using the ITS-1 gene at 238 bp.

CONCLUSION

This study investigated cases of bovine coccidiosis and the molecular characterization of species. The prevalence of coccidiosis in dairy cattle is 47%. has been characterized using ITS-1, which measures 238 bp, in dairy cattle located in Grati-Pasuruan, East Java, Indonesia.