Thompson Stephen, Dowrick Tom, Ahmad Mian, Opie Jeremy, Clarkson Matthew J
Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Science, University College London, United Kingdom.
Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng. 2021 Feb 15;11598. doi: 10.1117/12.2580159.
Understanding the relationship between fiducial registration error (FRE) and target registration error (TRE) is important for the correct use of interventional guidance systems. Whilst it is well established that TRE is statistically independent of FRE, system users still struggle against the intuitive assumption that a low FRE indicates a low TRE. We present the SciKit-Surgery Fiducial Registration Educational Demonstrator and describe its use. SciKit-SurgeryFRED was developed to enable remote teaching of key concepts in image registration. SciKit-SurgeryFRED also supports research into user interface design for image registration systems. SciKit-SurgeryFRED can be used to enable remote tutorials covering the statistics relevant to image guided interventions. Students are able to place fiducial markers on pre and intra-operative images and observe the effects of changes in marker geometry, marker count, and fiducial localisation error on TRE and FRE. SciKit-SurgeryFRED also calculates statistical measures for the expected values of TRE and FRE. Because many registrations can be performed quickly the students can then explore potential correlations between the different statistics. SciKit-SurgeryFRED also implements a registration based game, where participants are rewarded for complete treatment of a clinical target, whilst minimising the treatment margin. We used this game to perform a remote study on registration and simulated ablation, measuring how user performance changes depending on what error statistics are made available. The results support the assumption that knowing the exact value of target registration error leads to better treatment. Display of other statistics did not have a significant impact on the treatment performance.
了解基准配准误差（FRE）与目标配准误差（TRE）之间的关系对于正确使用介入引导系统很重要。虽然已经确定TRE在统计上与FRE无关，但系统用户仍然难以摆脱低FRE意味着低TRE的直观假设。我们展示了SciKit-Surgery基准配准教育演示器并描述了其用途。SciKit-SurgeryFRED的开发是为了实现图像配准关键概念的远程教学。SciKit-SurgeryFRED还支持对图像配准系统用户界面设计的研究。SciKit-SurgeryFRED可用于进行涵盖与图像引导干预相关统计数据的远程教程。学生能够在术前和术中图像上放置基准标记，并观察标记几何形状、标记数量和基准定位误差的变化对TRE和FRE的影响。SciKit-SurgeryFRED还计算TRE和FRE期望值的统计量度。由于可以快速执行许多配准，学生随后可以探索不同统计量之间的潜在相关性。SciKit-SurgeryFRED还实现了一个基于配准的游戏，参与者在完全治疗临床目标时会得到奖励，同时尽量减少治疗边缘。我们使用这个游戏对配准和模拟消融进行了一项远程研究，测量用户性能如何根据可用的误差统计数据而变化。结果支持了知道目标配准误差的确切值会带来更好治疗效果的假设。显示其他统计数据对治疗性能没有显著影响。
