International Ph.D. Program in Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan.
J Immunol Res. 2021 Nov 19;2021:8214656. doi: 10.1155/2021/8214656. eCollection 2021.
Dengue fever is an infection by the dengue virus (DENV) transmitted by vector mosquitoes. It causes many infections in tropical and subtropical countries every year, thus posing a severe disease threat. Cytokine storms, one condition where many proinflammatory cytokines are mass-produced, might lead to cellular dysfunction in tissue/organ failures and often facilitate severe dengue disease in patients. Interleukin- (IL-) 18, similar to IL-1, is a proinflammatory cytokine produced during inflammation following inflammasome activation. Inflammatory stimuli, including microbial infections, damage signals, and cytokines, all induce the production of IL-18. High serum IL-18 is remarkably correlated with severely ill dengue patients; however, its possible roles have been less explored. Based on the clinical and basic findings, this review discusses the potential immunopathogenic role of IL-18 when it participates in DENV infection and dengue disease progression based on existing findings and related past studies.
登革热是由登革病毒（DENV）通过媒介蚊子传播引起的感染。它每年在热带和亚热带国家引起许多感染，因此构成了严重的疾病威胁。细胞因子风暴是一种大量产生许多促炎细胞因子的情况，可能导致组织/器官衰竭中的细胞功能障碍，并经常促进患者的严重登革热疾病。白细胞介素-（IL-）18 与 IL-1 相似，是一种炎症小体激活后炎症期间产生的促炎细胞因子。炎症刺激物，包括微生物感染、损伤信号和细胞因子，都诱导 IL-18 的产生。高血清 IL-18 与重症登革热患者显著相关；然而，其可能的作用尚未得到充分探索。基于临床和基础研究结果，本综述根据现有研究结果和相关既往研究，讨论了 IL-18 在参与 DENV 感染和登革热疾病进展时的潜在免疫发病机制作用。
