Department of Educational Psychology.
Faculty of Psychology.
J Couns Psychol. 2022 Jul;69(4):490-505. doi: 10.1037/cou0000595. Epub 2021 Nov 29.
[Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported in Vol 69(4) of (see record 2022-76740-002). In the article, the scale for the Working Alliance Inventory-Short Revised (WAI-SR) was incorrectly described in the Measures section as a "5-point scale that ranges from 1 to 5." The WAI-SR used the original 7-point scale ranging from 1 to 7. All versions of this article have been corrected.] Based on the social-cognitive theory, this study investigated the dynamic association between counseling trainees' self-efficacy and their clients' outcome (i.e., symptom distress), and the mediating effects of therapist- and client-rated working alliance and session quality. Data set included 1,352 sessions conducted by 87 master's level therapist trainees with their 317 clients in China. Before every session, therapists completed a measure of self-efficacy and clients reported their symptom distress; and after every session, both therapists and clients rated their working alliance and session quality. Results showed that, (a) over the course of therapy, the initial level of therapist self-efficacy did not predict how quickly client symptom declined; (b) the initial level of client distress did not predict how quickly therapist self-efficacy increased; and (c) client distress decline was not related to therapist self-efficacy increase over the course of therapy. However, at the session-to-session level, higher therapist self-efficacy before one session significantly predicted lower client distress before the next session, and higher client distress before one session significantly predicted lower therapist self-efficacy before the subsequent session. Therapist and client perceptions of working alliance were both significant mediators, while their session quality ratings were not. Findings supported the dynamic and reciprocal relationship between therapist self-efficacy and client distress at the immediate session-to-session level rather than the overall trajectory level, and revealed its specific mediating mechanism through the relationship building between therapist and client. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
[勘误通知：本文在《（2022 年）第 69 卷第 4 期》中报告了一个勘误（参见记录 2022-76740-002）。在本文中，工作联盟量表-短式修订版（WAI-SR）的度量部分被错误地描述为“范围从 1 到 5 的 5 分制”。WAI-SR 使用的是原始的 7 分制，范围从 1 到 7。所有版本的本文都已被纠正。]基于社会认知理论，本研究探讨了咨询受训者的自我效能与其客户的结果（即症状困扰）之间的动态关联，以及治疗师和客户评定的工作联盟和会话质量的中介作用。数据集包括来自中国的 87 名硕士水平的治疗师受训者与他们的 317 名客户进行的 1352 次会话。在每次会话之前，治疗师完成自我效能感的测量，客户报告其症状困扰；并且在每次会话之后，治疗师和客户都对工作联盟和会话质量进行评定。结果表明：（a）在治疗过程中，治疗师自我效能的初始水平并不能预测客户症状下降的速度；（b）客户困扰的初始水平并不能预测治疗师自我效能的提高速度；并且（c）治疗过程中客户困扰的下降与治疗师自我效能的提高无关。然而，在会话到会话的水平上，一次会话之前较高的治疗师自我效能感显著预测了下一次会话之前较低的客户困扰，而一次会话之前较高的客户困扰则显著预测了下一次会话之前较低的治疗师自我效能感。治疗师和客户对工作联盟的感知都是显著的中介，而他们对会话质量的评定则不是。研究结果支持治疗师自我效能感和客户困扰在即时会话到会话水平上的动态和相互关系，而不是在整体轨迹水平上，并且通过治疗师和客户之间的关系建立揭示了其特定的中介机制。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2022 APA，保留所有权利）。
