University of Bordeaux, CNRS, ImmunoConcEpT, UMR 5164, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Trends Cancer. 2022 Feb;8(2):87-97. doi: 10.1016/j.trecan.2021.10.008. Epub 2021 Nov 26.
The unexpected roles of the microbiota in cancer challenge explanations of carcinogenesis that focus on tumor-intrinsic properties. Most tumors contain bacteria and viruses, and the host's proximal and distal microbiota influence both cancer incidence and therapeutic responsiveness. Continuing the history of cancer-microbe research, these findings raise a key question: to what extent is the microbiota relevant for clinical oncology? We approach this by critically evaluating three issues: how the microbiota provides a predictive biomarker of cancer growth and therapeutic responsiveness, the microbiota's causal role(s) in cancer development, and how therapeutic manipulations of the microbiota improve patient outcomes in cancer. Clarifying the conceptual and empirical aspects of the cancer-associated microbiota can orient future research and guide its implementation in clinical oncology.
肠道菌群在癌症中的意外作用挑战了专注于肿瘤内在特性的癌症发生理论。大多数肿瘤都含有细菌和病毒，宿主的近端和远端肠道菌群都会影响癌症的发生和治疗反应。这些发现延续了癌症-微生物研究的历史，提出了一个关键问题：肠道菌群在多大程度上与临床肿瘤学相关？我们通过批判性地评估三个问题来解决这个问题：肠道菌群如何提供癌症生长和治疗反应的预测性生物标志物，肠道菌群在癌症发展中的因果作用，以及治疗性操纵肠道菌群如何改善癌症患者的预后。阐明与癌症相关的肠道菌群的概念和实证方面，可以为未来的研究提供方向，并指导其在临床肿瘤学中的实施。
