Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
BMJ Open. 2021 Nov 29;11(11):e050896. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050896.
While appropriate child restraint use in motor vehicles can reduce the risk of injuries or deaths, few previous studies have assessed child restraint practice in China. We aim to describe the prevalence of child restraint use and investigate risk factors affecting child restraint practice in Shanghai, China.
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted near children's hospitals, kindergartens, entertainment places and shopping malls in Shanghai, China.
Eight rounds of data were collected between October 2015 and April 2019 with a total sample size of 12 061 children.
At each site, trained field workers observed and recorded child restraint use in all passing motor vehicles with at least one child passenger.
The overall child safety restraint use rate was 6.42%. Child restraint use rate rose over time, from 5.12% in round 1% to 8.55% in round 8 (p<0.001). Results from the adjusted logistic regression model showed that children occupants with the following risk factors had a higher likelihood of child restraint use: children younger than 5 years compared with those aged 5-12 years (OR 2.12; 95% CI 1.78 to 2.53; p<0.001), sitting in rear seat compared with those in front seat (OR 31.80; 95% CI 4.45 to 227.14; p=0.001), children occupants observed near entertainment places (OR 2.34; 95% CI 1.67 to 3.28; p<0.001) or near shopping malls (OR 1.86; 95% CI 1.36 to 2.55; p<0.001) compared with those near children's hospitals and transportation in the morning compared with afternoon (OR 1.30; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.62; p=0.021).
The overall child safety restraint use rate was low in Shanghai. Our findings may shed light on monitoring child restraint practice and have implications for intervention programmes for children occupants with the identified risk factors, which may help to promote child restraint use in motor vehicles and prevent road traffic injuries or deaths.
虽然在汽车中正确使用儿童约束装置可以降低受伤或死亡的风险，但以前很少有研究评估中国的儿童约束装置使用情况。我们旨在描述中国上海儿童约束装置使用的流行情况，并调查影响儿童约束装置使用的危险因素。
这是一项在中国上海的儿童医院、幼儿园、娱乐场所和购物中心附近进行的横断面观察研究。
2015 年 10 月至 2019 年 4 月共进行了 8 轮数据收集，总样本量为 12061 名儿童。
在每个地点，经过培训的现场工作人员观察并记录所有过往装有至少一名儿童乘客的汽车中的儿童安全约束装置使用情况。
整体儿童安全约束装置使用率为 6.42%。儿童约束装置使用率随时间上升，从第 1 轮的 5.12%上升至第 8 轮的 8.55%（p<0.001）。调整后的逻辑回归模型结果显示，以下具有风险因素的儿童乘客更有可能使用儿童约束装置：5 岁以下的儿童（OR 2.12；95%CI 1.78 至 2.53；p<0.001）、坐在后排座位上的儿童（OR 31.80；95%CI 4.45 至 227.14；p=0.001）、在娱乐场所（OR 2.34；95%CI 1.67 至 3.28；p<0.001）或购物中心（OR 1.86；95%CI 1.36 至 2.55；p<0.001）附近观察到的儿童乘客，而不是在儿童医院或下午（OR 1.30；95%CI 1.04 至 1.62；p=0.021）附近观察到的儿童乘客。
上海整体儿童安全约束装置使用率较低。我们的研究结果可能有助于监测儿童约束装置的使用情况，并为具有已确定危险因素的儿童乘客干预计划提供参考，这可能有助于促进汽车中儿童约束装置的使用，并防止道路交通伤害或死亡。
