Li Linpeng, Wang Kun, Fan Hongwei, Zhu Xiangyu, Mu Jiuke, Yu Hao, Zhang Qinghong, Li Yaogang, Hou Chengyi, Wang Hongzhi
State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science & Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China.
Mater Horiz. 2021 Jun 1;8(6):1711-1721. doi: 10.1039/d1mh00135c. Epub 2021 Apr 19.
Semiconductor yarns with unique functional characteristics have great potential applications in next-generation electronic devices. However, scalable inorganic semiconductor yarns with excellent mechanical and electrical properties, and environmental stability have not been discovered. In this study, we explored a unique fluid-spinning strategy to obtain a series of scalable inorganic semiconductor yarns including neat and hybrid semiconductor yarns. Different from the conventional yarn spinning strategy through a mechanical motor, we utilized the fluid force from the triple-phase interface to assemble and twist inorganic nanofiber building blocks simultaneously, and eventually obtained highly oriented inorganic nanowire-based semiconductor yarns. The obtained semiconductor yarns showed an excellent flexibility (curvature exceeding 2 cm) and mechanical strength (tensile strength of 443 MPa) because of their highly oriented hierarchical nanostructures, which make them coiling able with highly twisted insertion. Additionally, coiled yarns were obtained by combining the host core material and functional guest sheath in a fluid-spinning process, which are flexible in deep cryogenic temperature owing to the pure inorganic building blocks (26.28% tensile strain in liquid nitrogen). In particular, inorganic yarn-based electrochromic actuators can obtain as high as 15.3% tensile stroke and 0.82 J g work capacity by electrochemical charge injection-associated multicolor switching.
具有独特功能特性的半导体纱线在下一代电子设备中具有巨大的潜在应用价值。然而，尚未发现具有优异机械和电学性能以及环境稳定性的可扩展无机半导体纱线。在本研究中，我们探索了一种独特的流体纺丝策略，以获得一系列可扩展的无机半导体纱线，包括纯半导体纱线和混合半导体纱线。与通过机械电机的传统纱线纺丝策略不同，我们利用三相界面的流体力同时组装和捻合无机纳米纤维构建块，最终获得了高度取向的基于无机纳米线的半导体纱线。由于其高度取向的分级纳米结构，所获得的半导体纱线表现出优异的柔韧性（曲率超过2厘米）和机械强度（拉伸强度为443兆帕），这使得它们能够高度扭曲地卷曲插入。此外，通过在流体纺丝过程中结合主体核心材料和功能性客体护套获得了卷曲纱线，由于其纯无机构建块，在深低温下具有柔韧性（液氮中拉伸应变为26.28%）。特别是，基于无机纱线的电致变色致动器通过电化学电荷注入相关的多色切换可获得高达15.3%的拉伸行程和0.82焦耳/克的工作容量。
