Institution of Parasitology, McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Department of Gastroenterology, Hashimoto Municipal Hospital, Wakayama, Japan.
Institution of Parasitology, McGill University, Quebec, Canada.
Exp Parasitol. 2022 Jan;232:108189. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2021.108189. Epub 2021 Nov 27.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with a dysregulated mucosal immune response in the gastrointestinal tract. The number of patients with IBD has increased worldwide, especially in highly industrialized western societies. The population of patients with IBD in North America is forecasted to reach about four million by 2030; meanwhile, there is no definitive therapy for IBD. Current anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, or biological treatment may induce and maintain remission, but not all patients respond to these treatments. Recent studies explored parasitic helminths as a novel modality of therapy due to their potent immunoregulatory properties in humans. Research using IBD animal models infected with a helminth or administered helminth-derived products such as excretory-secretory products has been promising, and helminth-microbiota interactions exert their anti-inflammatory effects by modulating the host immunity. Recent studies also indicate that evidence that helminth-derived metabolites may play a role in anticolitic effects. Thus, the helminth shows a potential benefit for treatment against IBD. Here we review the current feasibility of "helminth therapy" from the laboratory for application in IBD management.
炎症性肠病（IBD）与胃肠道中失调的黏膜免疫反应有关。全世界的 IBD 患者数量都在增加，特别是在高度工业化的西方社会。到 2030 年，预计北美的 IBD 患者人数将达到约 400 万；然而，目前还没有针对 IBD 的明确治疗方法。目前的抗炎、免疫抑制或生物治疗可以诱导和维持缓解，但并非所有患者都对这些治疗有反应。最近的研究探索了寄生虫蠕虫作为一种新的治疗方式，因为它们在人类中具有强大的免疫调节特性。使用感染蠕虫或给予蠕虫衍生产品（如排泄-分泌产物）的 IBD 动物模型的研究很有前景，并且蠕虫-微生物群相互作用通过调节宿主免疫发挥其抗炎作用。最近的研究还表明，蠕虫衍生代谢物可能在抗结肠炎作用中发挥作用。因此，蠕虫对治疗 IBD 具有潜在的益处。在这里，我们从实验室的角度回顾了“蠕虫疗法”的当前可行性，以应用于 IBD 的管理。
