College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2022 Jan;120:233-241. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.11.036. Epub 2021 Nov 27.
Probiotics could promote the healthy growth of aquatic animals and have been widely used in aquaculture. However, the influence of high concentration compound probiotics on the aquatic animals has not been reported. In the present study, a compound probiotics was used in high-density culture of crucian carps under the condition of micro-water exchange. During nearly 7-weeks feeding experiment, the aquaculture water quality, growth performances, disease resistance and microbiota distributions of crucian carps were tested. Under the high concentrations of compound probiotics, the content of total ammonia nitrogen and nitrite were finally in a state of dynamic equilibrium. The body length and weight of crucian carps in the experimental group (E) was significantly higher than that in the recirculating group (R). The antioxidant enzymes in the intestines and gills of the E group including SOD, CAT, GSH and MDA, were significantly higher than those in R group. The mortality of crucian carps in E group was significantly lower after the immersion infection of Aeromonas veronii. The addition of compound probiotics significantly increased the number of microorganisms detected in the intestines and gills of crucian carps in E group. The bacteria including Firmicutes, Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobiota at the phylum level in E group were higher than those in R group. At the genus level, these bacteria (Pirellula, Roseimicrobium, Malikia) were not only higher in E group water, but also significantly higher in the intestines and gills than R group. The results of present study systematically analyzed the impact of high-concentration probiotics on crucian carps breeding, and speculated genus Pirellula, Roseimicrobium, Malikia may be used as aquatic probiotics. The present study will provide a new idea for the green and sustainable development of aquaculture.
益生菌可以促进水生动物的健康生长，已被广泛应用于水产养殖。然而，高浓度复合益生菌对水生动物的影响尚未报道。本研究在微水交换条件下，采用复合益生菌对鲫鱼进行高密度养殖。在近 7 周的饲养实验中，检测了鲫鱼的养殖水质、生长性能、抗病能力和微生物区系分布。在高浓度复合益生菌的作用下，养殖水体中的总氨氮和亚硝酸盐含量最终达到动态平衡。实验组（E 组）鲫鱼的体长和体重明显高于循环组（R 组）。E 组鲫鱼肠、鳃中的抗氧化酶 SOD、CAT、GSH 和 MDA 明显高于 R 组。E 组鲫鱼经嗜水气单胞菌浸泡感染后死亡率明显低于 R 组。复合益生菌的添加显著增加了 E 组鲫鱼肠、鳃中微生物的检出数量。E 组厚壁菌门、浮霉菌门、疣微菌门等细菌的丰度均高于 R 组。在属水平上，这些细菌（Pirellula、Roseimicrobium、Malikia）不仅在 E 组水中丰度较高，而且在肠、鳃中丰度明显高于 R 组。本研究系统分析了高浓度益生菌对鲫鱼养殖的影响，并推测属 Pirellula、Roseimicrobium、Malikia 可能作为水产益生菌。本研究将为水产养殖的绿色可持续发展提供新的思路。
