Malan A
Experientia Suppl. 1978;32:303-14. doi: 10.1007/978-3-0348-5559-4_35.
Mammalian hibernation is characterized by the alternation of prolonged periods of hypothermia and spontaneous arousals with a temporary return to euthermia. Of special interest to the physiology of effectors of thermogenesis are the following points: a) In the second part of the arousal process, the metabolic rate reaches 6 to 8 times BMR, with a body temperature about 10 degrees C lower. Enzymatic adaptations provide for the maintenance of normal reaction rates and regulatory potentials at low temperatures, but how very high thermogenetic rates can be achieved still remains largely unexplained. b) Entrance into hibernation involves a resetting of the hypothalamic thermostat to a lower level, but this is probably not the only intervening regulation. Evidence is presented in favor of a control of thermogenesis at the effector level, in terms both of baseline levels and of loop gains. One likely control factor is acid-base state, which can be changed rapidly and reversibly by ventilation and is characterized by a strong acidosis in hibernation.
哺乳动物的冬眠特征是长时间体温过低与自发觉醒交替出现，并暂时恢复到正常体温状态。对于产热效应器的生理学而言，以下几点特别值得关注：a) 在觉醒过程的第二阶段，代谢率达到基础代谢率的6至8倍，而体温则低约10摄氏度。酶适应性使得在低温下能够维持正常反应速率和调节电位，但如何实现如此高的产热率在很大程度上仍未得到解释。b) 进入冬眠涉及将下丘脑体温调节点重置为较低水平，但这可能不是唯一的中间调节方式。有证据表明，无论在基础水平还是环路增益方面，产热在效应器水平上都受到控制。一个可能的控制因素是酸碱状态，它可通过通气迅速且可逆地改变，并且在冬眠时表现为强烈的酸中毒。
