Sievert Lynnette Leidy, Huicochea-Gómez Laura, Cahuich-Campos Diana, Whitcomb Brian W, Brown Daniel E
Department of Anthropology, UMass Amherst, Amherst, MA.
Departamento de Sociedad y Cultura, El Colegio de la Frontera, ECOSUR, Campeche, México.
Menopause. 2021 Nov 2;28(12):1358-1368. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000001886.
The purpose of this study was to examine age at natural menopause among women of Maya and non-Maya ancestry living in urban and rural communities in the state of Campeche, Mexico.
Women ages 40 to 60 (n = 543) participated in semi-structured interviews and anthropometric measures. The last names, languages spoken, and the birthplace of the woman, her parents, and her grandparents were used to determine Maya or non-Maya ethnicity. Recalled age at natural menopause was compared across four communities; analysis of variance was used to compare means and Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to compare medians. Probit analysis was also used to estimate median ages at menopause. Cox regression analyses were applied to identify variables associated with age at menopause.
Mean recalled age at natural menopause across all sites was 46.7 years, ranging from 47.8 years in the city of Campeche to 43.9 years in the rural Maya communities in the municipality of Hopelchén. Median ages at menopause across all sites were 50.55 years by probit analysis and 50.5 years by Kaplan-Meier. Variables associated with a later age at menopause included higher socioeconomic status, higher parity, and a later age at menarche.
The early mean recalled age at menopause in southern Hopelchén was consistent with previous studies in the Yucatán peninsula. As expected, probit and Kaplan-Meier analyses demonstrated later ages at menopause. Contrary to our expectations, Maya/non-Maya ethnicity was not associated with age at menopause. Demographic and reproductive factors were more important than ethnicity in explaining variation in age at menopause within the state of Campeche, Mexico.
本研究旨在调查生活在墨西哥坎佩切州城乡社区的玛雅和非玛雅血统女性的自然绝经年龄。
40至60岁的女性（n = 543）参与了半结构化访谈和人体测量。通过女性及其父母、祖父母的姓氏、所讲语言和出生地来确定玛雅或非玛雅种族。比较了四个社区自然绝经的回忆年龄；采用方差分析比较均值，采用Kaplan-Meier分析比较中位数。还使用概率分析来估计绝经的中位年龄。应用Cox回归分析来确定与绝经年龄相关的变量。
所有地点自然绝经的平均回忆年龄为46.7岁，范围从坎佩切市的47.8岁到霍佩尔钦市农村玛雅社区的43.9岁。通过概率分析，所有地点绝经的中位年龄为50.55岁，通过Kaplan-Meier分析为50.5岁。与绝经年龄较晚相关的变量包括较高的社会经济地位、较高的产次和初潮年龄较晚。
霍佩尔钦南部绝经的早期平均回忆年龄与尤卡坦半岛先前的研究一致。正如预期的那样，概率分析和Kaplan-Meier分析显示绝经年龄较晚。与我们的预期相反，玛雅/非玛雅种族与绝经年龄无关。在解释墨西哥坎佩切州绝经年龄的差异时，人口统计学和生殖因素比种族更重要。
