Shaw W C, Addy M, Dummer P M, Ray C, Frude N
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1986 Feb;14(1):60-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.1986.tb01497.x.
Study of the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment is complicated by a variety of factors, including the need for longitudinal, multidisciplinary appraisal and difficulties of randomisation, control and sample composition. This report outlines a recent initiative adopting a longitudinal, observational approach with a cohort of approximately 1000 12-yr-olds, selected by disproportionate stratified sampling in order that occlusal features of low prevalence, but high orthodontic interest, would be well represented. In the event, 4810 subjects were listed and after certain exclusions, 3420 children were screened. Using preselected screening criteria, 663 with specific occlusal features were selected and an additional 355 children with nonspecific features were randomly allocated on a pro-rata basis. This gave a final study population of 1018. Baseline dental data included the recording of caries, periodontal status and mandibular function. Study models were obtained and analysed using a new standardised technique for recording the alignment of individual teeth. Photographs of the face and dentition were collected and a rating system developed to score dental and facial attractiveness. Social-psychological data were recorded via self-rating questionnaires, interviews, parental questionnaires, teacher questionnaires and peer ratings.
正畸治疗效果的研究因多种因素而变得复杂，这些因素包括需要进行纵向、多学科评估以及随机分组、对照和样本构成方面的困难。本报告概述了一项近期的倡议，该倡议采用纵向观察方法，研究对象是一组约1000名12岁儿童，通过不成比例分层抽样进行选取，以便使低患病率但正畸关注度高的咬合特征得到充分体现。结果，共列出4810名受试者，经过某些排除后，对3420名儿童进行了筛查。根据预先选定的筛查标准，选取了663名具有特定咬合特征的儿童，并按比例随机分配了另外355名具有非特定特征的儿童。这最终形成了1018人的研究群体。基线牙科数据包括龋齿记录、牙周状况和下颌功能。获取研究模型并使用一种记录单个牙齿排列的新标准化技术进行分析。收集面部和牙列照片，并开发了一个评分系统来评估牙齿和面部美观度。社会心理数据通过自评问卷、访谈、家长问卷、教师问卷和同伴评价进行记录。
