School of Business, University of Washington Bothell.
Department of Psychology, The University of Minnesota.
J Appl Psychol. 2021 Oct;106(10):1448-1465. doi: 10.1037/apl0000972.
We examine how the shift toward intensive work-from-home during the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted the experience of interruptions during work time. We conducted a two-wave survey of 249 employees working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic. Building on a conceptual framework and typology (Leroy et al., 2020), we examine changes in the prevalence of interruptions since-COVID-19 as a function of interruption type (intrusions, distractions, breaks, multitasking, and surprises), source (work-based vs. nonwork), and timing (pre- vs. since-COVID-19). We find a large increase in interruptions since-COVID, with the largest increases observed for nonwork intrusions, distractions, and multitasking. Women reported a greater increase in interruptions, particularly with regard to nonwork interruptions of all types, in addition to work-based intrusions, multitasking, and surprises, uncovering an important source of gender inequity. A dedicated unshared workspace at home was associated with fewer nonwork interruptions, while more nonwork responsibilities predicted more nonwork interruptions. Further differentiation of interruption types and sources was observed with regard to outcomes of interruptions. Nonwork interruptions predicted higher family-to-work interference, emotional exhaustion, and lower performance. Notably, these relationships varied meaningfully across specific interruption-type/outcome combinations, highlighting the value of differentiating interruptions by type. Work-based interruptions-especially intrusions and multitasking-were associated with higher work-family interference and emotional exhaustion, as well as lower performance. The results of this study provide valuable insights to help understand and, ultimately, improve work experiences in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic while also contributing to the broader literatures on interruptions and remote work. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
我们研究了在冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间向密集型居家办公的转变如何影响工作时间内中断的体验。我们对 249 名在 COVID-19 大流行期间在家工作的员工进行了两次调查。基于一个概念框架和分类法（Leroy 等人，2020），我们考察了自 COVID-19 以来中断的发生率变化，作为中断类型（干扰、分心、休息、多任务处理和惊喜）、来源（工作相关与非工作相关）和时间（COVID-19 之前与之后）的函数。我们发现自 COVID-19 以来中断大量增加，其中非工作干扰、分心和多任务处理的增加最大。女性报告中断增加较多，尤其是所有类型的非工作中断，以及工作相关的干扰、多任务处理和惊喜，揭示了一个重要的性别不平等来源。在家中拥有专用的不共享工作空间与较少的非工作干扰相关，而更多的非工作责任则预示着更多的非工作干扰。在中断的结果方面，进一步区分了中断类型和来源。非工作中断预测了更高的家庭-工作干扰、情绪疲惫和更低的绩效。值得注意的是，这些关系在特定的中断类型/结果组合中差异显著，突出了通过类型区分中断的价值。工作相关的中断——尤其是干扰和多任务处理——与更高的工作-家庭干扰和情绪疲惫以及更低的绩效相关。这项研究的结果为帮助理解在 COVID-19 大流行期间的工作体验提供了有价值的见解，同时也为中断和远程工作的更广泛文献做出了贡献。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2021 APA，保留所有权利）。
