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直肠癌新辅助放化疗后观察等待策略中的延迟全直肠系膜切除术:医院成本、手术及肿瘤学结局分析

Delayed TME Surgery in a Watch-and-Wait Strategy After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Rectal Cancer: An Analysis of Hospital Costs and Surgical and Oncological Outcomes.

作者信息

Meyer Vincent M, Meuzelaar Richtje R, Schoenaker Ivonne J H, de Groot Jan-Willem B, Reerink Onne, de Vos Tot Nederveen Cappel Wouter H, Beets Geerard L, van Westreenen Henderik L

机构信息

Department of Surgery, Isala Hospitals, Zwolle, The Netherlands.

Department of Oncology, Isala Hospitals, Zwolle, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Dis Colon Rectum. 2023 May 1;66(5):671-680. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000002259. Epub 2021 Nov 24.


DOI:10.1097/DCR.0000000000002259
PMID:34856587
Abstract

BACKGROUND: A watch-and-wait strategy for patients with rectal cancer with a clinical complete response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is a valuable alternative for rectal resection. However, there are patients who will have residual tumor or regrowth during watch and wait. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate safety and costs for patients who underwent delayed surgery after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. DESIGN: This is a retrospective cohort study with prospectively collected data. SETTINGS: The study was conducted at a large teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Between January 2015 and May 2020, 622 new rectal cancer patients were seen, of whom 200 received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Ninety-four patients were included, 65 of whom underwent immediate surgery and 29 of whom required delayed surgery after an initial watch-and-wait approach. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Outcome measures included 30-day postoperative morbidity rate, hospital costs. 2-year overall and disease-free survival. RESULTS: There was no difference in length of stay (9 vs 8; p = 0.83), readmissions (27.6% vs 10.0%; p = 0.10), surgical re-interventions (15.0% vs 3.4%; p = 0.16), or stoma-free rate (52.6% vs 31.0%; p = 0.09) between immediate and delayed surgery groups. Hospital costs were similar in the delayed group (€11,913 vs €13,769; p = 0.89). Two-year overall survival (93% vs 100%; p = 0.23) and disease-free survival (78% vs 81%; p = 0.47) rates were comparable. LIMITATIONS: Limitations included small sample size, follow-up time and retrospective design. CONCLUSION: Delayed surgery for regrowth in a watch-and-wait program or for persistent residual disease after a repeated assessment is not associated with an increased risk of postoperative morbidity or a significant rise in costs compared to immediate total mesorectal excision. There also appears to be no evident compromise in oncological outcome. Repeated response assessment in patients with a near complete clinical response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is a useful approach to identify more patients who can benefit from a watch-and-wait strategy. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B836 . CIRUGA DE TME RETRASADA EN UNA ESTRATEGIA DE WATCH AND WAIT DESPUS DE LA QUIMIORRADIOTERAPIA NEOADYUVANTE PARA CNCER DE RECTO UN ANLISIS DE COSTOS HOSPITALARIOS, Y DE RESULTADOS QUIRRGICOS Y ONCOLGICOS: ANTECEDENTES: Una estrategia de Watch and Wait para pacientes con cáncer de recto con una respuesta clínica completa después de quimiorradioterapia neoadyuvante es una alternativa valiosa en vez de resección rectal. Sin embargo, hay pacientes que tendrán tumor residual o un recrecimiento durante el Watch and Wait .OBJETIVO: El objetivo fue investigar la seguridad y los costos para los pacientes que se sometieron a una cirugía diferida después de la quimiorradioterapia neoadyuvante.DISEÑO: Este es un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo con datos recolectados prospectivamente.AJUSTE: El estudio se llevó a cabo en un gran hospital universitario.PACIENTES: Entre enero de 2015 y mayo de 2020, se atendieron 622 nuevos pacientes con cáncer de recto, de los cuales 200 recibieron quimiorradioterapia neoadyuvante. Se incluyeron 94 pacientes, de los cuales 65 se sometieron a cirugía inmediata y 29 pacientes requirieron cirugía diferida después de un enfoque inicial de observación y espera.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO: se incluyeron la tasa de morbilidad posoperatoria a 30 días, los costos hospitalarios y las sobrevidas general y libre de enfermedad a dos años.RESULTADOS: No hubo diferencia en la duración de la estancia (9 vs 8, p = 0,83), reingresos (27,6% vs 10,0%, p = 0,10), reintervenciones quirúrgicas (15,0% vs 3,4%, p = 0,16) y tasa libre de estoma (52,6% vs 31,0%, p = 0,09) entre los grupos de cirugía inmediata y tardía. Los costos hospitalarios fueron similares en el grupo retrasado (11913 € frente a 13769 €, p = 0,89). Las tasas de sobrevida general a dos años (93% frente a 100%, p = 0,23) y sobrevida libre de enfermedad (78% frente a 81%, p = 0,47) fueron comparables.LIMITACIONES: Tamaño de muestra pequeño, tiempo de seguimiento y diseño retrospectivo.CONCLUSIÓN: La cirugía tardía para el recrecimiento en un programa de Watch and Wait o para la enfermedad residual persistente después de una evaluación repetida no se asocia con un riesgo mayor de morbilidad posoperatoria ni con un aumento significativo en los costos, en comparación con la escisión total de mesorrecto inmediata. Tampoco parece haber un compromiso evidente en el resultado oncológico. La evaluación repetida de la respuesta en pacientes con una respuesta clínica casi completa después de la quimiorradioterapia neoadyuvante es un enfoque útil para identificar más pacientes que pueden beneficiarse de una estrategia de Watch and Wait . Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B836 . (Traducción-Dr. Juan Carlos Reyes ).

摘要

背景:对于新辅助放化疗后临床完全缓解的直肠癌患者,观察等待策略是直肠切除术的一种有价值的替代方案。然而,有些患者在观察等待期间会出现残留肿瘤或肿瘤复发。 目的:本研究旨在调查新辅助放化疗后接受延迟手术患者的安全性和成本。 设计:这是一项回顾性队列研究,数据前瞻性收集。 地点:研究在一家大型教学医院进行。 患者:2015年1月至2020年5月期间,共诊治622例新诊断的直肠癌患者,其中200例接受了新辅助放化疗。纳入94例患者,其中65例接受了即刻手术,29例在最初的观察等待方法后需要延迟手术。 主要观察指标:观察指标包括术后30天发病率、住院费用、2年总生存率和无病生存率。 结果:即刻手术组和延迟手术组在住院时间(9天对8天;p = 0.83)、再次入院率(27.6%对10.0%;p = 0.10)、手术再次干预率(15.0%对3.4%;p = 0.16)或无造口率(52.6%对31.0%;p = 0.09)方面无差异。延迟手术组的住院费用相似(11,913欧元对13,769欧元;p = 0.89)。2年总生存率(93%对100%;p = 0.23)和无病生存率(78%对81%;p = 0.47)相当。 局限性:局限性包括样本量小、随访时间和回顾性设计。 结论:与即刻全直肠系膜切除术相比,观察等待方案中肿瘤复发或重复评估后持续性残留疾病的延迟手术与术后发病率增加风险或成本显著上升无关。肿瘤学结局似乎也没有明显受损。对新辅助放化疗后接近完全临床缓解的患者进行重复反应评估是识别更多可从观察等待策略中获益患者的有用方法。见视频摘要:http://links.lww.com/DCR/B836 。 新辅助放化疗后直肠癌观察等待策略中延迟全直肠系膜切除术的医院成本、手术及肿瘤学结果分析:背景:对于新辅助放化疗后临床完全缓解的直肠癌患者,观察等待策略是直肠切除术的一种有价值的替代方案。然而,有些患者在观察等待期间会出现残留肿瘤或肿瘤复发。目的:本研究旨在调查新辅助放化疗后接受延迟手术患者的安全性和成本。设计:这是一项回顾性队列研究,数据前瞻性收集。地点:研究在一家大型教学医院进行。患者:2015年1月至2020年5月期间,共诊治622例新诊断的直肠癌患者,其中200例接受了新辅助放化疗。纳入94例患者,其中65例接受了即刻手术,29例在最初的观察等待方法后需要延迟手术。主要观察指标:观察指标包括术后30天发病率、住院费用、2年总生存率和无病生存率。结果:即刻手术组和延迟手术组在住院时间(9天对8天;p = 0.83)、再次入院率(27.6%对10.0%;p = 0.10)、手术再次干预率(15.0%对3.4%;p = 0.16)或无造口率(52.6%对31.0%;p = 0.09)方面无差异。延迟手术组的住院费用相似(11,913欧元对13,769欧元;p = 0.89)。2年总生存率(93%对100%;p = 0.23)和无病生存率(78%对81%;p = 0.47)相当。局限性:局限性包括样本量小、随访时间和回顾性设计。结论:与即刻全直肠系膜切除术相比,观察等待方案中肿瘤复发或重复评估后持续性残留疾病的延迟手术与术后发病率增加风险或成本显著上升无关。肿瘤学结局似乎也没有明显受损。对新辅助放化疗后接近完全临床缓解的患者进行重复反应评估是识别更多可从观察等待策略中获益患者的有用方法。见视频摘要:http://links.lww.com/DCR/B836 。(翻译 - 胡安·卡洛斯·雷耶斯博士)

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[7]
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引用本文的文献

[1]
Neoadjuvant treatment of colorectal cancer: comprehensive review.

BJS Open. 2024-5-8

[2]
Advancing Personalized Medicine in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.

J Clin Med. 2024-4-26

[3]
Role of Local Excision for Suspected Regrowth in a Watch and Wait Strategy for Rectal Cancer.

Cancers (Basel). 2022-6-23

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