Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Int Psychogeriatr. 2022 Jul;34(7):617-626. doi: 10.1017/S1041610221002684. Epub 2021 Dec 3.
Wisdom is a personality trait comprising seven components: self-reflection, pro-social behaviors, emotional regulation, acceptance of diverse perspectives, decisiveness, social advising, and spirituality. Wisdom, a potentially modifiable trait, is strongly associated with well-being. We have published a validated 28-item San Diego Wisdom Scale, the SD-WISE-28. Brief scales are necessary for use in large population-based studies and in clinical practice. The present study aimed to create an abbreviated 7-item version of the SD-WISE.
Participants included 2093 people, aged 20-82 years, recruited and surveyed through the online crowdsourcing platform Amazon Mechanical Turk. The participants' mean age was 46 years, with 55% women. Participants completed the SD-WISE-28 as well as validation scales for various positive and negative constructs. Psychometric analyses (factor analysis and item response theory) were used to select one item from each of the seven SD-WISE-28 subscales.
We selected a combination of items that produced acceptable unidimensional model fit and good reliability (ω = 0.74). Item statistics suggested that all seven items were strong indicators of wisdom, although the association was weakest for spirituality. Analyses indicated that the 28-item and 7-item SD-WISE are both very highly correlated (r = 0.92) and produce a nearly identical pattern of correlations with demographic and validity variables.
The SD-WISE-7, and its derived Jeste-Thomas Wisdom Index (JTWI) score, balances reliability and brevity for research applications.
智慧是一种人格特质，包含七个组成部分：自我反思、亲社会行为、情绪调节、接受不同观点、果断、社会建议和灵性。智慧是一种潜在可改变的特质，与幸福感密切相关。我们已经发表了经过验证的 28 项圣地亚哥智慧量表（SD-WISE-28）。简短的量表对于在大型基于人群的研究和临床实践中使用是必要的。本研究旨在创建 SD-WISE 的简化 7 项版本。
参与者包括通过在线众包平台亚马逊 Mechanical Turk 招募和调查的 2093 人，年龄在 20-82 岁之间。参与者的平均年龄为 46 岁，其中 55%为女性。参与者完成了 SD-WISE-28 以及各种积极和消极结构的验证量表。心理计量学分析（因素分析和项目反应理论）用于从 SD-WISE-28 的七个分量表中各选择一个项目。
我们选择了一组项目，这些项目产生了可接受的单维模型拟合度和良好的可靠性（ω=0.74）。项目统计数据表明，所有七个项目都是智慧的强有力指标，尽管与灵性的关联最弱。分析表明，28 项和 7 项 SD-WISE 的相关性都非常高（r=0.92），并且与人口统计学和有效性变量产生几乎相同的相关模式。
SD-WISE-7 及其衍生的杰斯特-托马斯智慧指数（JTWI）得分在研究应用中平衡了可靠性和简洁性。
