Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2021 Dec;46:271-275. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.743. Epub 2021 Oct 2.
So far, few studies have examined the relationship between dietary patterns and depression in adolescents. The aim of the present study was to determine this relationship in a sample of adolescent Iranian girls.
347 female high school students aged 14-17 years living in Shiraz, Iran participated in this cross-sectional study. General and physical activity questionnaires, 3-d dietary recalls, and Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II) were completed for all individuals and their anthropometric characteristics were measured. The major dietary patterns were then identified using principal component factor analysis.
In total, 2 major dietary patterns were identified. After adjusting for potential confounders in multivariate linear regression analysis, the Western pattern (characterized by high consumption of French fries, hydrogenated fats, mayonnaise, sweets and desserts, high-fat dairy, refined grains, red or processed meats, pickles, organ meats and soft drinks and low consumption of low-fat dairy) was positively (standardized β coefficient: 0.510, P < 0.001) and the healthy pattern (characterized by high intake of vegetables, legumes, boiled potatoes, poultry, fish, vegetable oils, olives, fruits and fruit juices and low-fat dairy and low intake of refined grains) was inversely associated (standardized β coefficient: -0.508, P < 0.001) with BDI-II score.
Overall, findings of this study indicate that certain dietary patterns are associated with depression in adolescent Iranian girls. However, more studies are needed to further confirm these findings.
到目前为止，很少有研究探讨饮食模式与青少年抑郁之间的关系。本研究的目的是在伊朗青少年女性样本中确定这种关系。
347 名年龄在 14-17 岁的伊朗设拉子女高中生参与了这项横断面研究。所有人都完成了一般和身体活动问卷、3 天饮食回忆和贝克抑郁量表第二版（BDI-II），并测量了他们的人体测量特征。然后使用主成分因子分析确定主要的饮食模式。
共确定了 2 种主要饮食模式。在多元线性回归分析中调整潜在混杂因素后，西方模式（特点是大量食用炸薯条、氢化脂肪、蛋黄酱、糖果和甜点、高脂肪乳制品、精制谷物、红色或加工肉类、泡菜、动物内脏和软饮料，以及低消费低脂乳制品）呈正相关（标准化β系数：0.510，P < 0.001），健康模式（特点是大量食用蔬菜、豆类、煮土豆、家禽、鱼、植物油、橄榄、水果和果汁以及低脂乳制品，以及低摄入精制谷物）呈负相关（标准化β系数：-0.508，P < 0.001）BDI-II 评分。
总体而言，这项研究的结果表明，某些饮食模式与伊朗青少年女性的抑郁有关。然而，需要更多的研究来进一步证实这些发现。
