Sun Dandan, Li Xiaoqin, Yin Zhongtao, Hou Zhuocheng
Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Front Physiol. 2021 Nov 10;12:767739. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.767739. eCollection 2021.
Adipose tissues have a central role in organisms, and adipose content is a crucial economic trait of poultry. Pekin duck is an ideal model to study the mechanism of abdominal and subcutaneous adipose deposition for its high ability of adipose synthesis and deposition. Alternative splicing contributes to functional diversity in abdominal and subcutaneous adipose. However, there has been no systematic analysis of the dynamics of differential alternative splicing of abdominal and subcutaneous adipose in Pekin duck. In our study, the Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) Iso-Seq technology was applied to explore the transcriptional complexity of abdominal and subcutaneous adipose in Pekin ducks. In total, 143,931 and 111,337 full-length non-chimeric transcriptome sequences of abdominal and subcutaneous adipocytes were obtained from 41.78 GB raw data, respectively. These data led us to identify 19,212 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and 74,571 alternative splicing events. In addition, combined with the next-generation sequencing technology, we correlated the structure and function annotation with the differential expression profiles of abdominal and subcutaneous adipose transcripts. This study identified lots of novel alternative splicing events and major transcripts of transcription factors related to adipose synthesis. STAT3 was reported as a vital gene for adipogenesis, and we found that its major transcript is STAT3-1, which may play a considerable role in the process of adipose synthesis in Pekin duck. This study greatly increases our understanding of the gene models, genome annotations, genome structures, and the complexity and diversity of abdominal and subcutaneous adipose in Pekin duck. These data provide insights into the regulation of alternative splicing events, which form an essential part of transcript diversity during adipogenesis in poultry. The results of this study provide an invaluable resource for studying alternative splicing and tissue-specific expression.
脂肪组织在生物体中起着核心作用，脂肪含量是家禽的一个关键经济性状。北京鸭因其脂肪合成和沉积能力强，是研究腹部和皮下脂肪沉积机制的理想模型。可变剪接有助于腹部和皮下脂肪的功能多样性。然而，尚未对北京鸭腹部和皮下脂肪差异可变剪接的动态变化进行系统分析。在我们的研究中，应用了太平洋生物科学公司（PacBio）的Iso-Seq技术来探索北京鸭腹部和皮下脂肪的转录复杂性。分别从41.78GB的原始数据中获得了腹部和皮下脂肪细胞的143,931条和111,337条全长非嵌合转录组序列。这些数据使我们鉴定出19,212个长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）和74,571个可变剪接事件。此外，结合下一代测序技术，我们将结构和功能注释与腹部和皮下脂肪转录本的差异表达谱相关联。本研究鉴定出许多与脂肪合成相关的新型可变剪接事件和转录因子的主要转录本。STAT3被报道为脂肪生成的关键基因，我们发现其主要转录本是STAT3-1，它可能在北京鸭脂肪合成过程中发挥重要作用。本研究极大地增进了我们对北京鸭基因模型、基因组注释、基因组结构以及腹部和皮下脂肪的复杂性和多样性的理解。这些数据为可变剪接事件的调控提供了见解，可变剪接事件是家禽脂肪生成过程中转录本多样性的重要组成部分。本研究结果为研究可变剪接和组织特异性表达提供了宝贵资源。
