Vilaseca Rosa, Ferrer Fina, Rivero Magda, Bersabé Rosa M
Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Municipal Institute of Social Services of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2021 Nov 11;12:738463. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.738463. eCollection 2021.
Early intervention services (EIS) worked hard to continue serving children and their families during the COVID-19 lockdown, using online applications. This study aimed to determine families' and professionals' perceptions of the functioning of the early intervention (EI) model in Spain during the pandemic. The study sample comprised two subsamples: 81 families of children attended at an EIS (72 mothers and 9 fathers) and 213 professionals recruited from EIS. The survey was conducted online several weeks after the end of the strict lockdown in Spain. Descriptive statistics of the questionnaire answered by families and professionals were compiled, comparisons were made between the families' and the professionals' responses, and the relationships with several sociodemographic variables were analyzed. The results indicated that parents who cared for their children and were fully responsible for housework, parents who had used telematic tools before the lockdown, and younger professionals had a more positive perception of the EI model and the incorporation of family-centered practices (FCP) during the pandemic. The results also showed statistically significant differences in some items between parents and professionals: for example, professionals perceived more advantages than families during the lockdown, quoting the greater participation of families in the intervention and a greater focus on families' needs. The data obtained from professionals suggested a more positive attitude toward FCP: however, the results show that they continued to adopt a directive role in the intervention, a position that is at odds with the tenets of FCP. There is a clear need for more training if a paradigm shift to FCP is to be achieved. Families' and caregivers' perceptions of telerehabilitation, and their adherence to telerehabilitation programs, are discussed. The implications of this study with regard to guiding future telematic interventions and family support are also considered.
早期干预服务（EIS）在新冠疫情封锁期间努力利用在线应用程序继续为儿童及其家庭提供服务。本研究旨在确定西班牙家庭和专业人员对疫情期间早期干预（EI）模式运作的看法。研究样本包括两个子样本：81个接受EIS服务的儿童家庭（72名母亲和9名父亲）以及从EIS招募的213名专业人员。该调查在西班牙严格封锁结束几周后通过在线方式进行。对家庭和专业人员回答的问卷进行了描述性统计，比较了家庭和专业人员的回答，并分析了与几个社会人口统计学变量的关系。结果表明，照顾孩子并完全负责家务的父母、在封锁前使用过远程信息工具的父母以及较年轻的专业人员对疫情期间的EI模式和以家庭为中心的实践（FCP）的纳入有更积极的看法。结果还显示，父母和专业人员在某些项目上存在统计学上的显著差异：例如，专业人员认为在封锁期间比家庭有更多优势，提到家庭在干预中的参与度更高以及对家庭需求的关注度更高。从专业人员那里获得的数据表明对FCP有更积极的态度；然而，结果表明他们在干预中继续扮演指导角色，这一立场与FCP的原则相悖。如果要实现向FCP的范式转变，显然需要更多培训。讨论了家庭和照顾者对远程康复的看法以及他们对远程康复计划的坚持情况。还考虑了本研究对指导未来远程信息干预和家庭支持的意义。
