Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
Front Immunol. 2021 Nov 11;12:761981. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.761981. eCollection 2021.
In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), intestinal mucosa cell and intestinal epithelial cell are severely damaged, and then their susceptibility to bacteria increases, so many commensal bacteria become pathogenic. The pathogenic commensal bacteria can stimulate a series of compensatory immune responses in the intestine. However, the immune response prevents the intestinal tract from restoring homeostasis, which in turn produces an indispensable inflammatory response. On the contrary, in IBD, the fierce inflammatory response contributes to the development of IBD. However, the effect of commensal bacteria on inflammation in IBD has not been clearly studied. Therefore, we further summarize the changes brought about by the changes of commensal bacteria to the inflammation of the intestines and their mutual influence. This article reviews the protective mechanism of commensal bacteria in healthy people and the mechanism of commensal bacteria and immune response to the destruction of the intestinal barrier when IBD occurs. The treatment and prevention of IBD are also briefly summarized.
在炎症性肠病（IBD）中，肠黏膜细胞和肠上皮细胞受到严重损伤，然后它们对细菌的易感性增加，因此许多共生菌成为病原体。致病性共生菌可刺激肠道内一系列代偿性免疫反应。然而，免疫反应阻止了肠道恢复内稳态，进而产生了必不可少的炎症反应。相反，在 IBD 中，剧烈的炎症反应有助于 IBD 的发展。然而，共生菌对 IBD 炎症的影响尚未得到明确研究。因此，我们进一步总结了共生菌变化给肠道炎症带来的变化及其相互影响。本文综述了共生菌在健康人群中的保护机制，以及共生菌和免疫反应在 IBD 发生时对肠道屏障破坏的机制。还简要总结了 IBD 的治疗和预防。
