Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea.
Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2022 Mar;46(3):613-622. doi: 10.1038/s41366-021-01030-x. Epub 2021 Dec 3.
This study investigated the 10-year trends of weight and prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity according to disability grade and types compared with those without disabilities.
This serial cross-sectional analysis was conducted using national disability registration data with national general health checkup data from 2008 to 2017. Age-standardized prevalence of underweight and obesity were analyzed for each year, according to the presence, type, and severity of disabilities. Odds of underweight, overweight, obesity, and severe obesity were examined by multinomial logistic regression after adjusting for socio-demographic and clinical variables using data in 2017.
Over 10 million subjects in each year were included in the analysis. In 2017, 14,246,785 people with age between 19 and 110 years were included and 53.1% was men. For 10 years, age-standardized prevalence of obesity and severe obesity showed significant increases regardless of sex and presence of disability. However, age-standardized underweight prevalence in people without disability tended to decrease whereas it was an increase in 2012 and the prevalence has remained steady since in people with disability. People with disabilities had higher odds of underweight compared to those without disability (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.38-1.44 in male and OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.28-1.34 in female), especially in those with severe disabilities (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.94-2.06 in male and OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.77-1.89 in female). Women with disabilities are more likely to be obese than those without disabilities regardless of disability severity (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.38-1.41). Participants with mental disorder showed the highest prevalence of obesity, followed by epilepsy and developmental disability.
Having a disability was associated with higher odds/probability of both obesity and underweight. The intersection of female, severe disability, and mental/developmental disabilities was associated with probability of severe obesity. Simultaneous efforts are needed to develop health policy to reduce both the prevalence of obesity and underweight.
本研究旨在调查根据残疾等级和类型与无残疾者相比，超重、肥胖和消瘦的 10 年趋势。
本研究采用全国残疾登记数据和 2008 年至 2017 年全国常规健康体检数据进行了一项连续的横断面分析。根据残疾的存在、类型和严重程度，对每年消瘦和肥胖的标准化患病率进行了分析。2017 年采用多变量逻辑回归分析了消瘦、超重、肥胖和重度肥胖的几率，调整了社会人口学和临床变量。
每年纳入分析的受试者超过 1000 万。2017 年，共纳入年龄在 19 岁至 110 岁之间的 14246785 名男性，其中 53.1%为男性。10 年来，无论性别和残疾状况如何，肥胖和重度肥胖的标准化患病率均呈显著上升趋势。然而，无残疾者的消瘦标准化患病率呈下降趋势，而残疾者则呈上升趋势，2012 年以后保持稳定。与无残疾者相比，残疾人消瘦的几率更高（男性 OR 1.41，95%CI 1.38-1.44；女性 OR 1.31，95%CI 1.28-1.34），尤其是严重残疾者（男性 OR 2.00，95%CI 1.94-2.06；女性 OR 1.83，95%CI 1.77-1.89）。无论残疾严重程度如何，残疾妇女肥胖的可能性都高于无残疾者（OR 1.40，95%CI 1.38-1.41）。精神障碍患者的肥胖患病率最高，其次是癫痫和发育障碍患者。
残疾与肥胖和消瘦的几率增加有关。女性、严重残疾和精神/发育残疾的交叉点与严重肥胖的几率有关。需要同时努力制定卫生政策，以降低肥胖和消瘦的患病率。
