Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy,
Psychiatr Danub. 2021 Dec;33(Suppl 11):44-48.
A substantial amount of evidence suggest that music training is a powerful means of plastic reorganization of brain structures. Musical training is accompanied by plastic rearrangement of the central nervous system and numerous studies converge in disclosing that the brain differs significantly between musicians and non-musicians. Music-dependent brain changes concern both the grey and the white matter so that musicians possess a neuronal network shaped by type and degree of individual expertise as well as a different connectome than non-musicians. It is reasonable to assume that these plastic changes can provide a more efficient configuration of the neural network and justify an impact on cognition and behaviour in all ages of life. Furthermore, a number of studies suggest the effectiveness of "neurological music therapy" in clinical practice. Based on available literature, music should be considered one of the main activity that can preserve the brain efficiency and can be proposed as a primary non pharmachological agent in promoting a neuroprotective lifestyle. Understanding the variables of musical training that can positively influence brain plasticity might be one of the most exciting and promising areas of future research.
大量证据表明，音乐训练是大脑结构可塑性重组的有力手段。音乐训练伴随着中枢神经系统的可塑性重排，许多研究都表明，音乐家的大脑与非音乐家的大脑有显著的差异。音乐依赖的大脑变化不仅涉及灰质，也涉及白质，因此，音乐家拥有的神经网络由个体专业知识的类型和程度塑造，与非音乐家的连接组也不同。可以合理地假设，这些可塑性变化可以提供神经网络的更有效配置，并证明其对所有年龄段的认知和行为都有影响。此外，一些研究表明“神经音乐疗法”在临床实践中的有效性。基于现有文献，音乐应该被认为是保持大脑效率的主要活动之一，可以被提议作为促进神经保护生活方式的主要非药物手段。了解能够积极影响大脑可塑性的音乐训练变量可能是未来研究中最令人兴奋和有前途的领域之一。
