Microarray Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
Innovative Plant Biotechnology and Precision Agriculture Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
Phytochemistry. 2022 Feb;194:113044. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.113044. Epub 2021 Dec 1.
Understanding brown planthopper (BPH) resistance mechanism will expedite selective breeding of better BPH resistant lines of rice (Oryza sativa). Metabolic responses during BPH infestation derived from wound stress imposed by insect feeding, comparing with mechanical piercing will provide an insight into resistance mechanism in rice. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the metabolic responses of needle piercing treatment and BPH feeding treatment in BPH-susceptible (KD) and BPH-resistant (RH) varieties at four different time points (0, 6, 24 and 96 h) using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Phenotypes of RH were not different among the treatments, whereas KD exhibited hopperburn symptom at 96 h post-BPH infestation. Principal component and cluster analyses revealed that metabolite profiles between KD and RH were different in response to both insect and mechanical stimuli. Metabolite profiles of RH under BPH and mechanical treatments at 24 and 96 h were different from the untreated, whereas metabolite profiles of KD after BPH infestation at 24 and 96 h were distinct from needle piercing and no treatment, suggesting that the resistant variety has an ability to adapt and defend both mechanical and insect stimuli. Metabolomics result showed that BPH infestation perturbed purine salvage biosynthesis (e.g., inosine, hypoxanthine) in both varieties, amino acid biosynthesis (e.g., phenylalanine, tryptophan) in KD, while the infestation perturbed lysine metabolism (pipecolic acid) and phenylpropanoid pathway (2-anisic acid) only in RH. BPH and mechanical stimuli perturbed phenylamide only in RH, but not in KD. These findings revealed that different rice varieties utilize different metabolites in response to insect and mechanical stimuli, resulting in different degrees of resistance.
了解褐飞虱（BPH）的抗虫机制将加速选育更好的抗褐飞虱水稻品系（Oryza sativa）。与昆虫取食引起的刺伤胁迫相比，褐飞虱取食引起的代谢反应将为水稻的抗虫机制提供深入了解。因此，本研究旨在比较抗虫品种（RH）和感虫品种（KD）在 4 个不同时间点（0、6、24 和 96 h）对针刺处理和褐飞虱取食处理的代谢响应，使用液相色谱-高分辨质谱（LC-HRMS）。RH 各处理间表型无差异，而 KD 在褐飞虱取食后 96 h 出现飞虱斑症状。主成分和聚类分析表明，两种昆虫和机械刺激下，KD 和 RH 的代谢谱不同。24 和 96 h 时，BPH 和机械处理下 RH 的代谢谱与未处理时不同，而 24 和 96 h 时 KD 经褐飞虱取食后的代谢谱与针刺和未处理时明显不同，表明该品种具有适应和防御机械和昆虫刺激的能力。代谢组学结果表明，褐飞虱取食扰乱了两种品种的嘌呤补救生物合成（如肌苷、次黄嘌呤）、氨基酸生物合成（如苯丙氨酸、色氨酸）在 KD 中，而取食扰乱了赖氨酸代谢（哌可酸）和苯丙素途径（2-茴香酸）仅在 RH 中。BPH 和机械刺激仅在 RH 中扰乱苯甲酰胺，而在 KD 中则没有。这些发现表明，不同的水稻品种利用不同的代谢物来应对昆虫和机械刺激，从而产生不同程度的抗性。
