MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China.
MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China; Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Functional Material, Suzhou Research Academy of North China Electric Power University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215213, China.
J Environ Manage. 2022 Feb 15;304:114207. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114207. Epub 2021 Dec 2.
Soil heavy metal pollution has become a global issue involving environmental safety and human health risks. This paper quantified the sources of heavy metals by positive matrix factorization (PMF) model and explored the spatial distribution of heavy metals by means of grid scales, with an industrial site as the study area in Suzhou. The PMF identified four pollution sources of heavy metal in soil, and the quantitative results revealed that industrial activities (33.5%) contributed the most to heavy metals, followed by soil parent materials (30.8%) and agricultural activities (19.7%). Zinc (Zn) was screened out as the targeted metal (TM) through the potential ecological risk assessment, the metal species of which was simulated by the geochemical software PHREEQC. This research aimed to determine the dominant metal species of TM with high-risk levels to realize the transformation of toxic metal species. Herein, according to the morphological evolution of metal species, the activity and concentration of the Zn ion species were obtained for both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment. The evaluation of the optimized human health risk demonstrated that the associated health risk of Zn (II) ions depended predominantly on its metal speciation. Overall, the optimized carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk value of ZnS for adults was 2.01E-04 and for children was 1.31, resulting in corresponding hazardous risk to humans, which accounted for high-risk levels of 61.5% and 58.5% for adults and children, respectively. The OHRA method can provide a reference for the decision-making of soil heavy metal pollution and remediation for specific heavy metals in polluted areas.
土壤重金属污染已成为一个全球性问题，涉及环境安全和人类健康风险。本文采用正定矩阵因子分解（PMF）模型量化重金属的来源，并通过网格尺度探讨重金属的空间分布，以苏州的一个工业场地为研究区。PMF 模型确定了土壤中重金属的四个污染源，定量结果表明，工业活动（33.5%）对重金属的贡献最大，其次是土壤母质（30.8%）和农业活动（19.7%）。通过潜在生态风险评估筛选出锌（Zn）为目标金属（TM），通过地球化学软件 PHREEQC 模拟其金属形态。本研究旨在确定具有高风险水平的 TM 的主导金属形态，实现有毒金属形态的转化。为此，根据金属形态的演变，获得了 Zn 离子形态的活性和浓度，用于致癌和非致癌风险评估。优化后的人类健康风险评估表明，Zn（II）离子的相关健康风险主要取决于其金属形态。总的来说，成人和儿童 ZnS 的优化致癌和非致癌风险值分别为 2.01E-04 和 1.31，对人类存在相应的危害风险，分别占成人和儿童高风险水平的 61.5%和 58.5%。OHRA 方法可以为污染地区特定重金属的土壤重金属污染和修复决策提供参考。
