College of Nursing, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Gerontologist. 2023 Jan 24;63(1):52-70. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnab178.
A valid and reliable assessment of dementia dyadic communication and environment is essential to understand and facilitate social interaction and quality care. This review described the characteristics and evaluated psychometric properties of instruments that assess dyadic communication and environment between persons living with dementia and their caregivers.
A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline. Literature published until June 30, 2021, was searched. Ten psychometric properties and the ratio of sample size to the number of items were evaluated using the Psychometric Assessment for Self-report and Observational Tool.
A total of 3,708 scholarly records was identified, and 24 eligible instruments from 48 scholarly records were evaluated. Twenty-two instruments assessed dyadic communication, and 2 assessed both dyadic communication and environment. Eighteen instruments were developed to assess task-related communication and 15 for paid (professional) caregivers. All instruments were scored as low psychometric quality (score range = 0-7). Behavioral Observation Scoring System was scored the highest (total score = 7), followed by Dyadic Dementia Coding System, Grid for observation of physical and verbal behaviors of caregiver and resident, and Trouble-Indicating Behaviors and Repair (total score = 6). These instruments had low psychometric evidence for internal consistency, content validity, and structural validity.
Existing instruments are in the early stages of development and validation in dementia population. Further testing is needed in diverse communication types in paid and unpaid dementia caregiver populations.
评估痴呆症患者及其照顾者之间的双重沟通和环境需要有效的和可靠的评估，这对于理解和促进社会互动以及提供高质量的护理至关重要。本综述描述了评估痴呆症患者及其照顾者之间双重沟通和环境的工具的特点，并对其心理测量学特性进行了评估。
根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目指南进行了系统综述。搜索了截至 2021 年 6 月 30 日发表的文献。使用心理测量自评和观察工具评估了 10 项心理测量特性和样本量与项目数量的比例。
共确定了 3708 条学术记录，从 48 条学术记录中评估了 24 项符合条件的工具。22 项工具评估了双重沟通，2 项评估了双重沟通和环境。18 项工具用于评估与任务相关的沟通，15 项工具用于评估有偿（专业）照顾者。所有工具的心理测量质量均较低（评分范围=0-7）。行为观察评分系统的评分最高（总分为 7），其次是双重痴呆编码系统、照顾者和居民身体和言语行为观察网格以及问题行为和修复（总分为 6）。这些工具在内部一致性、内容有效性和结构有效性方面的心理测量证据不足。
现有的工具在痴呆症人群中处于早期开发和验证阶段。需要在有偿和无偿痴呆症照顾者群体中对不同类型的沟通进行进一步测试。
