Human Factors Engineering, Transportation Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton - Boldrewood Innovation Campus, Southampton, UK.
Centre for Human Factors and Sociotechnical Systems, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Australia.
Ergonomics. 2022 Feb;65(2):161-187. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2021.2000043. Epub 2021 Dec 23.
This state of the science review brings together the disparate literature of effective strategies for enhancing and accelerating team performance. The review evaluates and synthesises models and proposes recommended avenues for future research. The two major models of the Input-Mediator-Output-Input (IMOI) framework and the Big Five dimensions of teamwork were reviewed and both will need significant development for application to future teams comprising non-human agents. Research suggests that a multi-method approach is appropriate for team measurements, such as the integration of methods from self-report, observer ratings, event-based measurement and automated recordings. Simulations are recommended as the most effective team-based training interventions. The impact of new technology and autonomous agents is discussed with respect to the changing nature of teamwork. In particular, whether existing teamwork models and measures are suitable to support the design, operation and evaluation of human-nonhuman teams of the future. This review recommends a multi-method approach to the measurement and evaluation of teamwork. Team models will need to be adapted to describe interaction with non-human agents, which is what the future is most likely to hold. The most effective team training interventions use simulation-based approaches.
本研究现状综述汇集了有关增强和加速团队绩效的有效策略的不同文献。该综述评估和综合了各种模型，并为未来的研究提出了建议的途径。对输入-中介-输出-输入（IMOI）框架和团队合作的五大维度这两个主要模型进行了回顾，这两个模型都需要进行重大的发展，以便应用于未来由非人类代理组成的团队。研究表明，多方法方法适用于团队测量，例如将自我报告、观察者评分、基于事件的测量和自动记录的方法相结合。模拟被推荐为最有效的基于团队的培训干预措施。新技术和自主代理的影响是根据团队合作的变化性质讨论的。特别是，现有的团队合作模型和措施是否适合支持未来人类-非人类团队的设计、操作和评估。本综述建议采用多方法来衡量和评估团队合作。团队模型将需要进行调整，以描述与非人类代理的交互，这是未来最有可能的情况。最有效的团队培训干预措施使用基于模拟的方法。
