Ramadhan Marwan Noori
Department of Agric. Machines and Equipment, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Iraq.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Dec;28(12):7152-7159. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.005. Epub 2021 Aug 9.
Maize ( L.) is an important grains cereal crop. Lots of farmers using tillage and mulching practices influence the final yield, to maintain up with the growing demand for food, fuel and feed. Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of tillage practices (i.e. conventional tillage CT, reduced tillage RT, deep tillage DT) and wheat straw mulching (i.e. no mulch and wheat straw mulch of 4, 8 and 12 Mg ha, SM0, SM1, SM2 and SM3 respectively) on the growth, yield and yield components of maize and some of soil physical properties. The results showed that compared with RT, DT and CT decreased soil bulk density, as well as led to increase soil water content. Application of mulch treatments increased soil water content. DT and CT have been associated with greater plant height, yield components, grain and biomass yield than RT treatment. Plant height, yield components, grain and biomass yield as well as soil water content increased following mulching treatments. Mulching treatment of SM2 had the largest positive effects on maize yield. DT and CT that have potential to break the compacted zone in soil leading to a better soil environment and crop yield. The application of wheat straw mulch could be an efficient soil management practice for corn production in arid subtropical climate region.
玉米（L.）是一种重要的谷类作物。许多采用耕作和覆盖措施的农民会影响最终产量，以跟上对粮食、燃料和饲料不断增长的需求。进行了田间试验，以研究耕作措施（即传统耕作CT、少耕RT、深耕DT）和小麦秸秆覆盖（即不覆盖以及分别覆盖4、8和12 Mg ha的小麦秸秆，分别为SM0、SM1、SM2和SM3）对玉米生长、产量和产量构成因素以及一些土壤物理性质的影响。结果表明，与少耕相比，深耕和传统耕作降低了土壤容重，并导致土壤含水量增加。覆盖处理增加了土壤含水量。与少耕处理相比，深耕和传统耕作使株高、产量构成因素、籽粒和生物量产量更高。覆盖处理后，株高、产量构成因素、籽粒和生物量产量以及土壤含水量均增加。SM2覆盖处理对玉米产量的积极影响最大。深耕和传统耕作有可能打破土壤压实层，从而形成更好的土壤环境和作物产量。在干旱亚热带气候地区，施用小麦秸秆覆盖可能是一种有效的玉米生产土壤管理措施。
