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在 IDH 突变型 AML 细胞中,增强子处 DNA 甲基化动态的局灶性破坏。

Focal disruption of DNA methylation dynamics at enhancers in IDH-mutant AML cells.

机构信息

Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Section of Stem Cell Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.

McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.

出版信息

Leukemia. 2022 Apr;36(4):935-945. doi: 10.1038/s41375-021-01476-y. Epub 2021 Dec 6.

Abstract

Recurrent mutations in IDH1 or IDH2 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are associated with increased DNA methylation, but the genome-wide patterns of this hypermethylation phenotype have not been comprehensively studied in AML samples. We analyzed whole-genome bisulfite sequencing data from 15 primary AML samples with IDH1 or IDH2 mutations, which identified ~4000 focal regions that were uniquely hypermethylated in IDH samples vs. normal CD34+ cells and other AMLs. These regions had modest hypermethylation in AMLs with biallelic TET2 mutations, and levels of 5-hydroxymethylation that were diminished in IDH and TET-mutant samples, indicating that this hypermethylation results from inhibition of TET-mediated demethylation. Focal hypermethylation in IDH AMLs occurred at regions with low methylation in CD34+ cells, implying that DNA methylation and demethylation are active at these loci. AML samples containing IDH and DNMT3A mutations were significantly less hypermethylated, suggesting that IDH-associated hypermethylation is mediated by DNMT3A. IDH-specific hypermethylation was highly enriched for enhancers that form direct interactions with genes involved in normal hematopoiesis and AML, including MYC and ETV6. These results suggest that focal hypermethylation in IDH-mutant AML occurs by altering the balance between DNA methylation and demethylation, and that disruption of these pathways at enhancers may contribute to AML pathogenesis.

摘要

在急性髓系白血病 (AML) 中,IDH1 或 IDH2 的反复突变与 DNA 甲基化增加有关,但 AML 样本中这种超甲基化表型的全基因组模式尚未得到全面研究。我们分析了来自 15 个具有 IDH1 或 IDH2 突变的原发性 AML 样本的全基因组亚硫酸氢盐测序数据,这些数据确定了在 IDH 样本与正常 CD34+细胞和其他 AML 相比,在 4000 个左右的局灶性区域中存在独特的超甲基化。这些区域在具有双等位基因 TET2 突变的 AML 中具有中度超甲基化,而在 IDH 和 TET 突变样本中 5-羟甲基化水平降低,表明这种超甲基化是由 TET 介导的去甲基化抑制引起的。IDH AML 中的局灶性高甲基化发生在 CD34+细胞中甲基化水平较低的区域,这意味着在这些基因座上 DNA 甲基化和去甲基化是活跃的。含有 IDH 和 DNMT3A 突变的 AML 样本的超甲基化程度显著降低,这表明 IDH 相关的高甲基化是由 DNMT3A 介导的。IDH 特异性高甲基化在与正常造血和 AML 相关的基因直接相互作用的增强子中高度富集,包括 MYC 和 ETV6。这些结果表明,IDH 突变型 AML 中的局灶性高甲基化是通过改变 DNA 甲基化和去甲基化之间的平衡来发生的,并且增强子中这些途径的破坏可能导致 AML 的发病机制。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dab2/8979817/99bfa7ebccc6/41375_2021_1476_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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