Norman Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behaviour, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2022 Mar;19(3):173-187. doi: 10.1038/s41571-021-00580-3. Epub 2021 Dec 6.
A growing body of evidence indicates that patients with cancer who receive cytotoxic treatments (such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy) have an increased risk of accelerated physical and cognitive ageing. Furthermore, accelerated biological ageing is a suspected driving force behind many of these observed effects. In this Review, we describe the mechanisms of biological ageing and how they apply to patients with cancer. We highlight the important role of specific behavioural factors, namely stress, sleep and lifestyle-related factors such as physical activity, weight management, diet and substance use, in the accelerated ageing of patients with cancer and cancer survivors. We also present a framework of how modifiable behaviours could operate to either increase the risk of accelerated ageing, provide protection, or promote resilience at both the biological level and in terms of patient-reported outcomes.
越来越多的证据表明，接受细胞毒性治疗（如化疗或放疗）的癌症患者身体和认知老化的速度加快。此外，生物老化加速被认为是这些观察到的影响背后的一个主要驱动力。在这篇综述中，我们描述了生物老化的机制，以及它们如何适用于癌症患者。我们强调了特定行为因素（如压力、睡眠以及与生活方式相关的因素，如身体活动、体重管理、饮食和物质使用）在癌症患者和癌症幸存者的加速老化中的重要作用。我们还提出了一个框架，说明可改变的行为如何在生物水平和患者报告的结果方面增加加速老化的风险、提供保护或促进恢复力。
