Osińska Magdalena, Zalewski Wojciech
Faculty of Economic Sciences and Management, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 13 A Street, 87-100, Toruń, Poland.
Transportation (Amst). 2023;50(1):331-354. doi: 10.1007/s11116-021-10246-9. Epub 2021 Dec 2.
The research aims to examine the vulnerability and resilience of road transport enterprises in Poland to a crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In theory, we refer to the Schumpeterian perspective of creative destruction. In the empirical analysis, survey data on 500 transport companies randomly selected from the database were used. We estimated partial proportional odds models to show the factors responsible for the enterprises' vulnerability and resilience to unforeseen shock. The perspective refers to the total sample size and the division into two subgroups: micro and small and medium enterprises. To justify the results, we calculated a set of statistical indicators and tests. These models enable separating enterprises according to the vulnerability level. Transport enterprises occurred significantly vulnerable to the COVID-19 crisis, particularly the demand shock. The only factor that influenced resilience was the decrease in fuel prices, which allowed a cost reduction. The crisis showed that government aid was helpful in the short run, particularly for micro and small enterprises. The medium-sized enterprises were more resilient than micro and small ones. We formulated several recommendations to help transport enterprises to adjust in the medium term.
该研究旨在考察波兰道路运输企业面对由新冠疫情引发的危机时的脆弱性和恢复力。理论上，我们参考熊彼特式的创造性破坏观点。在实证分析中，使用了从数据库中随机选取的500家运输公司的调查数据。我们估计了部分比例优势模型，以展示导致企业面对意外冲击时脆弱性和恢复力的因素。该观点涉及总样本规模以及分为微型和中小型企业的两个子群体。为了验证结果，我们计算了一组统计指标和检验。这些模型能够根据脆弱性水平对企业进行区分。运输企业在新冠疫情危机中表现出显著的脆弱性，尤其是需求冲击方面。唯一影响恢复力的因素是燃料价格下降，这使得成本得以降低。危机表明，政府援助在短期内是有帮助的，特别是对微型和小型企业。中型企业比微型和小型企业更具恢复力。我们制定了若干建议，以帮助运输企业在中期进行调整。
