Department of Economics, Faculty of Operation and Economics of Transport and Communications, University of Zilina, Univerzitna 1, 010 26 Zilina, Slovakia.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Nov 10;22(22):8671. doi: 10.3390/s22228671.
Transportation, logistics, storage, and many other sectors provide a wide space for applying Industry 4.0. This era, with its components, represents the equipment necessary to obtain a unique competitive advantage. Being smart through sensors, big data, and digitalization corresponds not only to evolution but also provides protection for businesses in the face of depression. The COVID-19 pandemic caused collapses and defects for very large enterprises and large enterprises, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This article focuses on SMEs and their profits from using smart sensors. Thus, the aim was to expose the striking effect of Industry 4.0 on earnings during the crisis in the Visegrad Four. The Mann-Kendall trend was used to map the consequences contrasting the period of 2016-2021. The investigation involved samples from 1221 Slovak, 259 Czech, 855 Polish, and 2156 Hungarian enterprises. The results showed that more than 80% of businesses did not have a negative trend in how their earnings changed over time. This fact was confirmed by a z-test for the comparison of one proportion for each analyzed country. The adaptation to Industry 4.0 strengthened the muscle for bankruptcy resilience during the crisis. In addition, it may encourage enterprises to be smart in the same or different sectors.
运输、物流、仓储和许多其他领域为应用工业 4.0 提供了广阔的空间。这个时代的组件代表了获得独特竞争优势所需的设备。通过传感器、大数据和数字化实现智能化不仅代表了进化，也为企业在面临经济衰退时提供了保护。COVID-19 大流行导致了非常大的企业和大企业的崩溃和缺陷，尤其是中小企业（SMEs）。本文专注于中小企业及其从使用智能传感器中获得的利润。因此，目的是揭示工业 4.0 在维谢格拉德集团四国危机期间对收益的显著影响。曼恩-肯德尔趋势用于映射 2016-2021 年期间的对比结果。调查涉及来自 1221 家斯洛伐克、259 家捷克、855 家波兰和 2156 家匈牙利企业的样本。结果表明，超过 80%的企业的收益随时间变化没有出现负趋势。这一事实得到了每个分析国家的比例比较 z 检验的证实。对工业 4.0 的适应增强了企业在危机期间应对破产的弹性。此外，它可能鼓励企业在同一或不同行业实现智能化。
