do Carmo Everton C, Barroso Renato, Gil Saulo, da Silva Natalia R, Bertuzzi Romulo, Foster Carl, Tricoli Valmor
School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Physical Education, Senac University Center, São Paulo, Brazil.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2023 Jan;23(1):18-27. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2021.2013952. Epub 2022 Jan 6.
The effects of plyometric training (PT) on middle- and long-distance running performances are well established. However, its influence on pacing behaviour is still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of PT on pacing behaviour. In addition, verify whether the adaptations induced by PT would change ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and/or affective feelings during the race. Twenty-eight male runners were assigned to two groups: control (C) and PT. PT held two weekly PT sessions for eight weeks. Drop jump (DJ) performance, 10-km running performance, pacing behaviour, RPE and affective feelings, VO, ventilatory thresholds (VT1 and VT2), peak treadmill speed (PTS), and running economy (RE) were measured. For group comparisons, a mixed model analysis for repeated measures, effect size (ES) and 90% confidence interval (90% CI) were calculated for all dependent variables. Significant differences pre-to-post was observed for PT group in DP (7.2%; ≤ 0.01; ES = 0.56 (0.28-0.85)) and RE (4.5%; ≤ 0.05; ES = -0.52 ((-0.73 to -0.31)) without changes in pacing behaviour. While PT was effective for improving DJ and RE, there is no evidence that pacing behaviour, RPE or affective feelings are directly affected by these adaptations during a 10-km time trial run.
增强式训练（PT）对中长跑成绩的影响已得到充分证实。然而，其对配速行为的影响仍不明确。本研究的目的是评估增强式训练对配速行为的影响。此外，验证增强式训练所引发的适应性变化是否会改变比赛期间的主观用力感觉（RPE）和/或情感感受。28名男性跑步者被分为两组：对照组（C）和增强式训练组。增强式训练组每周进行两次增强式训练，共持续八周。测量了纵跳（DJ）成绩、10公里跑成绩、配速行为、主观用力感觉和情感感受、摄氧量（VO）、通气阈（VT1和VT2）、跑步机峰值速度（PTS）以及跑步经济性（RE）。对于组间比较，计算了所有因变量的重复测量混合模型分析、效应量（ES）和90%置信区间（90%CI）。增强式训练组在纵跳（7.2%；P≤0.01；ES = 0.56（0.28 - 0.85））和跑步经济性（4.5%；P≤0.05；ES = -0.52（-0.73至-0.31））方面前后观察到显著差异，而配速行为没有变化。虽然增强式训练对提高纵跳和跑步经济性有效，但没有证据表明在10公里计时跑期间，这些适应性变化会直接影响配速行为、主观用力感觉或情感感受。
