Underwood William, Gilley Michelle, Misar Christopher G, Gulya Thomas J, Seiler Gerald J, Markell Samuel G
U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Sunflower & Plant Biology Research Unit, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, ND 58102.
Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102.
Plant Dis. 2022 May;106(5):1366-1373. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-06-21-1314-RE. Epub 2022 Apr 4.
The necrotrophic fungal pathogen can cause disease on numerous plant species, including many important crops. Most -incited diseases of crop plants are initiated by airborne ascospores produced when fungal sclerotia germinate to form spore-bearing apothecia. However, basal stalk rot of sunflower occurs when sclerotia germinate to form mycelia within the soil, which subsequently invade sunflower roots. To determine whether other plant species in the Asteraceae family are susceptible to root infection by , cultivated sunflower ( L.) and seven other Asteraceae species were evaluated for root infection by inoculation with either sclerotia or mycelial inoculum. Additionally, root susceptibility of sunflower was compared with that of dry edible bean and canola, two plant species susceptible to but not known to display root-initiated infections. Results indicated that multiple Asteraceae family plants are susceptible to root infection after inoculation with either sclerotia or mycelium. These observations expand the range of plant hosts susceptible to root infection, elucidate differences in root inoculation methodology, and emphasize the importance of soilborne infection to Asteraceae crop and weed species.
这种坏死性真菌病原体可在许多植物物种上引发病害，包括许多重要作物。大多数由其引发的作物病害是由真菌菌核萌发形成产孢子囊盘时产生的气传子囊孢子引发的。然而，向日葵基部茎腐病是在菌核在土壤中萌发形成菌丝体，随后侵染向日葵根系时发生的。为了确定菊科的其他植物物种是否易受该菌的根部感染，对接种菌核或菌丝接种物的栽培向日葵（向日葵属）和其他七种菊科物种进行了根部感染评估。此外，还将向日葵的根敏感性与干食用豆和油菜籽进行了比较，这两种植物物种易受该菌感染，但未知会表现出根部引发的感染。结果表明，多种菊科植物在接种菌核或菌丝后易受该菌的根部感染。这些观察结果扩大了易受该菌根部感染的植物宿主范围，阐明了根部接种方法的差异，并强调了土壤传播感染对菊科作物和杂草物种的重要性。
