与舌部病变相关的风险因素：一项倾向评分匹配的病例对照研究。

Risk factors associated with tongue lesions: a propensity score-matched case-control study.

机构信息

Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialities Faculty of Medicine and Sciences of the Health Catedrático José Serrano sn. 33006. Oviedo. Spain

出版信息

Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2022 Jan 1;27(1):e25-e34. doi: 10.4317/medoral.24836.

DOI:10.4317/medoral.24836

PMID:34874926

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8719789/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

to analyse the potential risk factors of tongue lesions, comparing the results with a control group.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

An observational, case-control study was designed. The study included a case group comprising 336 patients with tongue lesions and 336 sex and age-matched controls. We recorded tobacco/alcohol habits, presence of dentures, allergies, medical conditions, and medications. Statistical analysis was performed via logistic regression models to estimate the odds ratio (OR) adjusted for gender, age, tobacco, and alcohol using propensity score-matching analysis (PSM).

RESULTS

According to the final PSM model, patients with tongue lesions were more likely to suffer from allergies (OR 2.13; 1.27-3.66) or medical conditions (OR 2.14; 1.19-3.85), and more likely to take medication (OR 1.99; 1.11-3.57). Elderly individuals were more prone to hairy tongue (OR 3.82; 1.53-10.47). Smoking was associated with coated tongue (OR 2.05; 1.12-3.63), hairy tongue (OR 3.77; 1.52-9.22) and median rhomboid glossitis (OR 40.49; 5.84-860.43). Allergic individuals were more likely to exhibit sublingual varices (OR 1.73; 1.02-2.88). Medical conditions increased the chances of having coated tongue (OR 2.44; 1.36-4.64) or crenated tongue (OR 2.70; 1.42-5.30). Arterial hypertension was associated with median rhomboid glossitis (OR 5.85; 1.08-34.18). Individuals on medication showed a higher risk of fissured tongue (OR 1.87; 1.20-2.94) and varices (OR 2.42; 1.58-3.80). Agents acting on the alimentary tract and metabolism increased the probability of fissured tongue (OR 2.31; 1.42-3.79).

CONCLUSIONS

As far as we are aware, this is the first study on lingual pathology to include a PSM analysis. The results suggest that a history of allergies, the presence of medical conditions, and the use of medication are associated with increased probability of tongue lesions. The analysis of diseases and medications by subgroups requires studies matched by habits with larger sample sizes, in order to corroborate our observations.

摘要

背景

分析舌部病变的潜在风险因素，并与对照组进行比较。

材料和方法

设计了一项观察性病例对照研究。该研究包括一个病例组，共纳入 336 例舌部病变患者和 336 例性别和年龄匹配的对照组。我们记录了烟草/酒精使用习惯、义齿、过敏、疾病和用药情况。通过逻辑回归模型进行统计学分析，使用倾向评分匹配分析（PSM）估计性别、年龄、烟草和酒精调整后的比值比（OR）。

结果

根据最终的 PSM 模型，舌部病变患者更可能患有过敏（OR 2.13；1.27-3.66）或疾病（OR 2.14；1.19-3.85），更可能服用药物（OR 1.99；1.11-3.57）。老年人更易患毛舌（OR 3.82；1.53-10.47）。吸烟与舌苔（OR 2.05；1.12-3.63）、毛舌（OR 3.77；1.52-9.22）和正中菱形舌炎（OR 40.49；5.84-860.43）有关。过敏患者更易出现舌下静脉曲张（OR 1.73；1.02-2.88）。疾病增加了患舌苔（OR 2.44；1.36-4.64）或沟纹舌（OR 2.70；1.42-5.30）的可能性。高血压与正中菱形舌炎有关（OR 5.85；1.08-34.18）。服用药物的患者出现裂纹舌（OR 1.87；1.20-2.94）和静脉曲张（OR 2.42；1.58-3.80）的风险更高。作用于消化道和代谢的药物增加了出现裂纹舌（OR 2.31；1.42-3.79）和静脉曲张（OR 2.42；1.58-3.80）的可能性。