Department of Reproductive Health and Population Studies, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahirdar University, Bahirdar, Ethiopia.
Departments of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Jigjiga University, Jijiga, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2021 Dec 7;16(12):e0260258. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260258. eCollection 2021.
Despite those efforts in expanded programs of immunization, nearly one fifth of children in developing countries miss out basic vaccines. Moreover, many children who started vaccination fail to complete immunization.Identifying associated factorswhich is scarce in the study area, is crucial for interventions. This study assessed full-immunization and associated factors among children aged 12-23 months in Somali region, Eastern Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from October 1-30, 2018, in selected rural and urban kebeles in Somali regionamong 612 children. Cluster sampling was employed and data was collected using structured questionnaire. Full-immunization was measured by maternal recall and vaccination card.Data entry and analysis was done by EpiData3.1 and SPSSversion.20 respectively. Binary logistic regression with Bivariate and Multivariable model was usedto identify predictors of full-immunization. Odd ratios were computed and P-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Based on maternal recall plus vaccination card 249(41.4%) of children were completed immunization, while vaccination only by card was 87(29.7%). Only 238(39.5%) of participants had good knowledge about vaccination. Not knowing to come back for next visits 197(55.8%) were the major reason for dropout. Residing in urban (AOR = 2.0, 95%CI: 1.0, 3.9),primary educated mothers(AOR = 2.2, 95%CI: 1.0, 5.0), married mothers (AOR = 4.2, 95%CI:1.0, 18), higher average monthly income (AOR = 2.5, 95%CI 1.1, 5.2)and delivered at health facilities (AOR = 3.8, 95%CI 1.9, 7.3)were significantly associated with full-immunization.
Coverage of full immunization was found to be low compared to the targets set in the Global Vaccine Action Plan(2011-2020).Two-third of the participants has poor knowledge about vaccination. Urban residence, mother education, higher family income, male child and institutional delivery were factors. This study suggests that awareness creation, behaviour change on vaccination and enhancing utilization of maternal health service including delivery service, should be stressed.
尽管在扩大免疫规划方面做出了努力，但发展中国家仍有近五分之一的儿童无法接种基本疫苗。此外，许多开始接种疫苗的儿童未能完成免疫接种。在该研究地区，确定相关因素是至关重要的，因为相关因素很少。本研究评估了索马里地区 12-23 个月儿童的完全免疫接种情况及其相关因素。
2018 年 10 月 1 日至 30 日，在索马里地区选择的农村和城市 kebeles 中，对 612 名儿童进行了基于社区的横断面研究。采用聚类抽样，使用结构化问卷收集数据。通过母亲回忆和疫苗接种卡来衡量完全免疫接种情况。数据录入和分析分别使用 EpiData3.1 和 SPSSversion.20 完成。使用二元逻辑回归进行 Bivariate 和 Multivariable 模型分析，以确定完全免疫接种的预测因素。计算比值比，P 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
根据母亲回忆加疫苗接种卡，有 249 名（41.4%）儿童完成了免疫接种，而仅通过接种卡接种的有 87 名（29.7%）。只有 238 名（39.5%）参与者对疫苗接种有很好的了解。不知道回来进行下一次接种的有 197 名（55.8%）是主要的辍学原因。居住在城市（AOR = 2.0，95%CI：1.0，3.9）、母亲受过小学教育（AOR = 2.2，95%CI：1.0，5.0）、已婚母亲（AOR = 4.2，95%CI：1.0，18）、较高的月平均收入（AOR = 2.5，95%CI 1.1，5.2）和在卫生机构分娩（AOR = 3.8，95%CI 1.9，7.3）与完全免疫接种显著相关。
与全球疫苗行动计划（2011-2020 年）设定的目标相比，完全免疫接种的覆盖率较低。三分之二的参与者对疫苗接种的知识了解不足。城市居住、母亲教育、较高的家庭收入、男童和机构分娩是相关因素。本研究表明，应加强对疫苗接种的认识、改变疫苗接种行为以及提高包括分娩服务在内的孕产妇保健服务的利用。
