School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia.
Department of Statistics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia.
Front Public Health. 2024 Jul 30;12:1395802. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1395802. eCollection 2024.
Measles is one of the leading causes of under-five mortality and morbidity worldwide. Although the routine service for the second dose of the measles-containing vaccine (MCV2) was introduced in Ethiopia recently, there is a paucity of evidence regarding its coverage and the factors that hinder its uptake at both the local and national levels. Thus, this study aimed to assess the uptake of MCV2 and its associated factors among children aged between 15 and 36 months old in Jigjiga City, Somali Region, Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 429 children aged between 15 and 36 months old with their mothers/caregivers in Jigjiga City from April 1 to May 1, 2023. A multistage sampling technique was used and data were collected by using structured interviewer-administered questionnaires. The collected data were entered into Epi-data version 3.2 and analyzed in a statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 26. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with the uptake of the measles second dose vaccine. An adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI were reported and statistical significance was declared at < 0.05.
The coverage of MCV2 among children aged between 15 and 36 months was 21.4% (95% CI: 17.7, 25.2). The educational status of the mother (AOR = 3.154; 95% CI: 1.68, 5.93), place of delivery (AOR = 1.90; 95% CI: 1.08, 3.25), postnatal care visits of the mother (AOR = 2.40; 95% CI: 1.37, 4.22), time taken to reach a health facility (AOR = 2.67; 95% CI: 1.28, 5.57), and knowledge about child vaccination (AOR = 2.43; 95% CI: 1.45, 4.08) were factors significantly associated with the uptake of the measles second dose vaccine.
The coverage of MCV2 in the study area was low compared to the national immunization targets. Educational status of the mother/caregivers, place of delivery, postnatal care visits of the mother, time to reach a health facility, and knowledge about vaccination of children were significantly associated with measles second dose vaccination. The focus should be given to improving the awareness of mothers on the importance of child vaccination to improve the uptake of measles second dose vaccine and reduce the burden of measles in the region.
麻疹是全球导致 5 岁以下儿童死亡和发病的主要原因之一。尽管最近在埃塞俄比亚引入了含麻疹疫苗（MCV2）的第二针常规服务，但在地方和国家层面，其覆盖率及其影响因素的证据仍然很少。因此，本研究旨在评估在索马里州吉吉加市 15 至 36 个月龄儿童中 MCV2 的接种情况及其相关因素。
2023 年 4 月 1 日至 5 月 1 日，采用多阶段抽样技术，在吉吉加市对 429 名 15 至 36 个月龄儿童及其母亲/照顾者进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。通过使用结构化访谈者管理的问卷收集数据。收集的数据输入 Epi-data 版本 3.2，并在社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）版本 26 中进行分析。进行了单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析，以确定与麻疹第二针疫苗接种相关的因素。报告了调整后的优势比和 95%置信区间，且统计学意义设定为 < 0.05。
15 至 36 个月龄儿童中 MCV2 的覆盖率为 21.4%（95%置信区间：17.7，25.2）。母亲的教育程度（AOR=3.154；95%置信区间：1.68，5.93）、分娩地点（AOR=1.90；95%置信区间：1.08，3.25）、母亲的产后护理访问次数（AOR=2.40；95%置信区间：1.37，4.22）、到达卫生机构所需的时间（AOR=2.67；95%置信区间：1.28，5.57）和儿童疫苗接种知识（AOR=2.43；95%置信区间：1.45，4.08）与麻疹第二针疫苗接种显著相关。
与国家免疫目标相比，研究地区的 MCV2 覆盖率较低。母亲/照顾者的教育程度、分娩地点、母亲的产后护理访问次数、到达卫生机构的时间以及儿童疫苗接种知识与麻疹第二针疫苗接种显著相关。应重点提高母亲对儿童疫苗接种重要性的认识，以提高麻疹第二针疫苗的接种率，减轻该地区麻疹的负担。
