Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America.
Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America; Resident in Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America.
Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging. 2022 Jan;319:111417. doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111417. Epub 2021 Nov 24.
Metabolic abnormalities affect the adolescent brain. For equivalent abnormalities in metabolism young people exhibit deficits in more cognitive domains than adults. We examine sex differences performance for adolescents with obesity/insulin resistance (IR) and evaluated how sex and IR effected frontal lobe structures and executive functioning. 125 adolescents underwent medical, cognitive, and brain-imaging assessments. Participants were categorized as insulin sensitive (IS) (QUICKI ≥ 0.350) or IR (QUICKI < 0.350). Degree of IR may affect brain and cognition differentially by sex. Females had positive associations between QUICKI and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) volume, medial orbito-frontal cortex (OFC) thickness, and scores on the Stroop and Digit Symbol Substitution (DSST) tests. Females with IR tended to have thinner insular cortices. No such associations were found in males. In female adolescents, IR may negatively affect brain structure and function. No such effects were found for males. Although needing more development, hormonal effects and inflammation are potential contributors.
代谢异常会影响青少年的大脑。对于代谢方面的同等异常，年轻人在认知领域的表现缺陷比成年人多。我们研究了肥胖/胰岛素抵抗（IR）青少年的性别差异表现，并评估了性别和 IR 如何影响额叶结构和执行功能。125 名青少年接受了医学、认知和大脑成像评估。参与者被分为胰岛素敏感（IS）（QUICKI≥0.350）或 IR（QUICKI＜0.350）。IR 的严重程度可能会因性别而对大脑和认知产生不同的影响。女性的 QUICKI 与前扣带皮层（ACC）体积、内侧眶额皮层（OFC）厚度以及 Stroop 和数字符号替代（DSST）测试的分数呈正相关。有 IR 的女性倾向于有更薄的脑岛皮层。在男性中没有发现这种关联。在女性青少年中，IR 可能会对大脑结构和功能产生负面影响。在男性中没有发现这种影响。尽管需要进一步发展，但荷尔蒙的影响和炎症可能是潜在的原因。
