School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, 822 East Merry Avenue, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA.
School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
Soc Sci Med. 2022 Jan;292:114603. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114603. Epub 2021 Nov 25.
Sleep health is best described by the co-occurrence of various dimensions (e.g., regularity, daytime alertness, satisfaction, efficiency, duration) but is rarely measured this way. Information is needed regarding common within-person patterns of sleep characteristics among adults and their relative healthiness.
To deepen understanding of healthy and unhealthy sleep, the present study aimed to uncover multidimensional sleep profiles in adults and their associations with a variety of psychological and physical well-being outcomes.
Survey data from 4622 adults who participated in the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) project was used to identify latent sleep profiles across five core sleep dimensions. Adjusting for individual sleep dimensions and sociodemographic covariates, General Linear Models were used to test the associations of sleep profile membership with hedonic and eudemonic well-being and chronic physical conditions.
Four latent sleep profiles were revealed, good sleepers, sufficient but irregular sleepers, nappers, and short, dissatisfied, and inefficient sleepers. The profiles differentially related to well-being outcomes above and beyond individual sleep dimensions and sociodemographic covariates. Good sleepers generally reported the best outcomes, and short, dissatisfied, and inefficient sleepers generally reported the worst outcomes.
Four common sleep profiles describe adults' holistic sleep experiences and predict a variety of well-being outcomes beyond other known predictors. In adulthood, healthy sleep may involve sufficient sleep across all dimensions whereas unhealthy sleep may involve insufficient sleep across three key dimensions: duration, satisfaction, and efficiency.
睡眠健康最好通过各种维度（例如，规律性、白天警觉性、满意度、效率、持续时间）的共同发生来描述，但很少以这种方式进行测量。需要了解成年人中常见的睡眠特征的个体内模式及其与各种心理和身体健康结果的相对关联性。
为了更深入地了解健康和不健康的睡眠，本研究旨在揭示成年人的多维睡眠特征，并探讨其与各种心理和身体健康结果的关联。
本研究使用了参加美国中年生活研究（MIDUS）项目的 4622 名成年人的调查数据，以确定五个核心睡眠维度上的潜在睡眠特征。通过调整个体睡眠维度和社会人口统计学协变量，使用广义线性模型检验睡眠特征的成员身份与享乐和幸福以及慢性身体状况的关联。
揭示了四种潜在的睡眠特征，包括良好的睡眠者、充足但不规律的睡眠者、午睡者和短时间、不满意且效率低下的睡眠者。这些特征与幸福感结果的关联超过了个体睡眠维度和社会人口统计学协变量。良好的睡眠者通常报告最好的结果，而短时间、不满意且效率低下的睡眠者通常报告最差的结果。
四种常见的睡眠特征描述了成年人整体的睡眠体验，并预测了除其他已知预测因素之外的各种幸福感结果。在成年期，健康的睡眠可能涉及所有维度的充足睡眠，而不健康的睡眠可能涉及三个关键维度（持续时间、满意度和效率）的不足睡眠。
