Catalano Santiago A, Goloboff Pablo A, Giannini Norberto P
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas.
Fundación Miguel Lillo, Miguel Lillo 251, 4000 S.M. de Tucumán, Argentina.
Cladistics. 2010 Oct;26(5):539-549. doi: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2010.00302.x.
A method for the direct use of aligned landmark data (2D or 3D coordinates of comparable points) in phylogenetic analysis is described. The approach is based on finding, for each of the landmark points, the ancestral positions that minimize the distance between the ancestor/descendant points along the tree. Doing so amounts to maximizing the degree to which similar positions of the landmarks in different taxa can be accounted for by common ancestry, i.e. parsimony. This method requires no transformation of the aligned data or the results: the data themselves are the x, y, z coordinates of the landmarks, and the output of mapping a character onto a given tree is the x, y, z coordinates for the hypothetical ancestors. In the special case of collinear points, the results are identical to those of optimization of (continuous) additive characters.
描述了一种在系统发育分析中直接使用对齐地标数据（可比点的二维或三维坐标）的方法。该方法基于为每个地标点找到祖先位置，这些祖先位置能使沿着树的祖先/后代点之间的距离最小化。这样做相当于最大化不同分类群中地标相似位置可由共同祖先解释的程度，即简约性。此方法不需要对齐数据或结果的转换：数据本身就是地标点的x、y、z坐标，将一个性状映射到给定树上的输出是假设祖先的x、y、z坐标。在共线点的特殊情况下，结果与（连续）加性性状的优化结果相同。
