Assistant Professor of Internal Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
Resident Dermatology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
Clin Dermatol. 2022 Mar-Apr;40(2):135-144. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2021.10.006. Epub 2021 Oct 27.
Atopic dermatitis, a common chronic and pruritic inflammatory skin disorder, can create significant disruptions in sleep and quality of life. Atopic dermatitis is especially common in infants and children; therefore, safe and natural therapeutic options have considerable appeal. Over the past several decades, there has been an increase in the prevalence of atopic dermatitis in industrialized nations. Also, there is variability in the prevalence of atopic dermatitis in the United States, both across and within states. Environmental factors including diet are believed to be associated with this increased risk. Dietary interventions continue to be an area of keen interest and have been studied extensively, albeit with variable results. Maternal dietary restrictions during pregnancy and lactation, hydrolyzed or partially hydrolyzed formulas, delaying the introduction of solid foods, and omega-3 or omega-6 fatty acids supplementation do not appear to have a beneficial effect on the treatment and prevention of atopic dermatitis. Exclusive breastfeeding for 3 to 4 months, a diet high in fruits and vegetables, and prebiotics might have a beneficial effect. Because environmental triggers, including dietary exposures, are thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis, we herein review the current literature on the role of dietary habits, vitamin and mineral supplementation, and probiotics on the treatment and prevention of atopic dermatitis.
特应性皮炎是一种常见的慢性瘙痒性炎症性皮肤病，可显著扰乱睡眠和生活质量。特应性皮炎在婴儿和儿童中尤为常见；因此，安全和天然的治疗选择具有相当大的吸引力。在过去几十年中，特应性皮炎在工业化国家的患病率有所增加。此外，特应性皮炎在美国的患病率存在差异，无论是在各州之间还是在各州内部。人们认为，饮食等环境因素与这种风险增加有关。饮食干预措施仍然是一个非常感兴趣的领域，并进行了广泛的研究，尽管结果各不相同。孕妇和哺乳期的饮食限制、水解或部分水解配方、延迟引入固体食物以及ω-3 或 ω-6 脂肪酸补充剂似乎对特应性皮炎的治疗和预防没有有益作用。母乳喂养 3 到 4 个月、富含水果和蔬菜的饮食以及益生元可能有有益作用。由于环境诱因，包括饮食暴露，被认为在特应性皮炎的发病机制中起作用，因此，我们在此综述了关于饮食习惯、维生素和矿物质补充剂以及益生菌对特应性皮炎的治疗和预防作用的现有文献。
