Conde Bachiller Y, Puente Gete B, Gil Ibáñez L, Esquivel Benito G, Asencio Duran M, Dabad Moreno J V
Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital la Paz (IDIPAZ), Madrid, España.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2022 Feb;97(2):63-69. doi: 10.1016/j.oftal.2021.03.002. Epub 2021 Dec 3.
The COVID-19 pandemic led Spain to order a state of alert with the cessation of non-essential activities on 14 March 2020, and to implement public health interventions (such as home confinement) and other health recommendations to prevent the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus (hand washing and the obligation to wear face-masks). These factors could have influenced the rate of viral conjunctivitis.
In this retrospective, noninterventional, descriptive study, the incidence of viral conjunctivitis in an emergency department of a national hospital is compared over two distinct time periods: pre-COVID (13 March-30 September 2019, one year before the start of the pandemic) and COVID (13 March-30 September 2020).
In the first period there were 436 cases of conjunctivitis, of which 168 (38.5%) were confirmed cases of viral conjunctivitis 168 (38.5%), while in the second period there were 121 recorded cases, of which the most frequent were allergic and traumatic (23 cases; 19% each group), bacterial (15 cases; 12.3%) and viral (15 cases; 12.3%). The diagnosis of viral conjunctivitis is the one that suffered the most significant relative reduction (48.5%), while other types of conjunctivitis hardly changed their relative frequency between these two periods of time.
Viral conjunctivitis is the most frequent infectious disease of the eye and has a transmission rate similar to that of coronavirus, so the measures implemented could positively affect its incidence.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行致使西班牙于2020年3月14日宣布进入警戒状态，停止非必要活动，并实施公共卫生干预措施（如居家隔离）以及其他健康建议，以防止严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）病毒传播（洗手和强制佩戴口罩）。这些因素可能影响了病毒性结膜炎的发病率。
在这项回顾性、非干预性描述性研究中，对一家国立医院急诊科在两个不同时间段内病毒性结膜炎的发病率进行了比较：COVID-19之前（2019年3月13日至9月30日，大流行开始前一年）和COVID-19期间（2020年3月13日至9月30日）。
在第一个时间段，有436例结膜炎病例，其中168例（38.5%）确诊为病毒性结膜炎，而在第二个时间段，记录到121例病例，其中最常见的是过敏性和外伤性结膜炎（各23例；每组19%）、细菌性结膜炎（15例；12.3%）和病毒性结膜炎（15例；12.3%）。病毒性结膜炎的诊断病例数相对减少最为显著（48.5%），而其他类型的结膜炎在这两个时间段之间的相对发病率几乎没有变化。
病毒性结膜炎是最常见的眼部传染病，其传播率与冠状病毒相似，因此所实施的措施可能对其发病率产生积极影响。
