N'Zi Constant Konan, Ouattara Mamadou, Assaré Rufin Kouassi, Bassa Fidèle Kouakou, Diakité Nana Rose, N'Goran Eliézer Kouakou
Institut National de Santé Publique, Abidjan BP V 46, Côte d'Ivoire.
Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 22 BP 582, Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire.
J Trop Med. 2021 Nov 28;2021:6224401. doi: 10.1155/2021/6224401. eCollection 2021.
infection is common among school-age children (SAC) in western Côte d'Ivoire. Little is known on the infection rate of preschool-aged children (PSAC) due to epidemiological data deficiency and nonappropriate formulation of the drug. Thus, mass drug administration for schistosomiasis control mainly targets SAC. This study aims to identify the risk factors and spatial distribution of infection among PSAC in Blapleu, endemic foci of . We carried out a cross-sectional study in households with PSAC aged 1-6 years. A structured questionnaire was administered to mothers/guardians to obtain data on sociodemographics and water contact behaviour of children. Point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) immunodiagnostic test in urine and Kato-Katz (K-K) method with stool were used for infection diagnosis. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship between infection and sociodemographic data. Coordinates recorded by a Global Positioning System of households, water source points, and infected PSAC were used to map the spatial distribution of infection cases. This study was conducted with 350 PSAC aged 1-6 years. The overall infection prevalence of varies from 31.43% with the K-K method to 62.86% with the POC-CCA. PSAC aged 2-6 years were highly infected with than those aged 1-2 years (OR = 14.24, 95% CI: 5.85-34.64). PSAC who did not have access and who do not live close to the infected water source were at a significant lower risk of infection (OR = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.057-0.30). The main purpose of water contact of PSAC was to help their mother for laundry that occurs weekly. In Blapleu, a high risk of infection was observed among PSAC. Schistosomiasis control effort in such localities should include information, education, and communication, water, sanitation, and hygiene, and particularly chemotherapy targeting PSAC, reinforcing the need of the paediatric praziquantel formulation.
在科特迪瓦西部，学龄儿童（SAC）中感染情况很常见。由于流行病学数据缺乏和药物配方不合适，对于学龄前儿童（PSAC）的感染率了解甚少。因此，用于控制血吸虫病的大规模药物管理主要针对学龄儿童。本研究旨在确定布拉普勒（血吸虫病流行区）学龄前儿童感染的风险因素和空间分布情况。我们对1至6岁学龄前儿童家庭开展了一项横断面研究。向母亲/监护人发放了一份结构化问卷，以获取有关儿童社会人口统计学和与水接触行为的数据。采用即时检验循环阴极抗原（POC - CCA）尿液免疫诊断测试和粪便加藤厚涂片法（K - K法）进行感染诊断。进行多因素逻辑回归分析以确定感染与社会人口统计学数据之间的关系。利用全球定位系统记录的家庭、水源点和感染学龄前儿童的坐标来绘制感染病例的空间分布图。本研究涉及350名1至6岁的学龄前儿童。血吸虫感染的总体患病率，K - K法为31.43%，POC - CCA法为62.86%。2至6岁的学龄前儿童比1至2岁的儿童感染血吸虫的情况更严重（比值比 = 14.24，95%置信区间：5.85 - 34.64）。无法获取且不住在受感染水源附近的学龄前儿童感染血吸虫的风险显著较低（比值比 = 0.13，95%置信区间：0.057 - 0.30）。学龄前儿童接触水的主要目的是每周帮母亲洗衣服。在布拉普勒，学龄前儿童中观察到血吸虫感染的高风险。在这些地区控制血吸虫病的工作应包括信息、教育和宣传，水、环境卫生和个人卫生，特别是针对学龄前儿童的化疗，这进一步凸显了儿童用吡喹酮制剂的必要性。
