Acosta-González Uriel, Silva-Rojas Hilda V, Fuentes-Aragón Dionicio, Hernández-Castrejón Jesús, Romero-Bautista Alejandro, Rebollar-Alviter Angel
Instituto Tecnológico del Valle de Morelia, Tarímbaro, Michoacán 58000, Mexico.
Producción de Semillas, Colegio de Postgraduados, Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México 56230, Mexico.
Plant Dis. 2022 May;106(5):1419-1427. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-08-21-1742-RE. Epub 2022 Apr 4.
Fusarium wilt of blackberry (FWB) is an emerging disease caused by a species complex. More than 3,000 ha of blackberry ( spp.) crops have been lost in Mexico since 2011. The objectives of this research were: to evaluate the sensitivity of pathogenic . isolates recovered from symptomatic blackberry plants to fungicides with different modes of action; to assess the potential of these fungicides and plant resistance inducers against FWB in the greenhouse; and to determine the effects of commercial biofungicides and two indigenous strains of spp. on the incidence of FWB. The values of the fungicides prochloraz, thiabendazole, azoxystrobin, thiophanate-methyl, difenoconazole, triflumizole, and potassium phosphite for six pathogenic . isolates were determined. In a separate experiment, the fungicides acibenzolar-s-methyl (ASM), potassium phosphite, and commercial biofungicides, as well as two soil microbial inoculants and two indigenous strains, were tested for protection against wilt development in blackberry plants in the greenhouse. Prochloraz showed an average sensitivity for of 0.01 μg ml for the tested . isolates, followed by difenoconazole and thiabendazole. Prochloraz and ASM proved to be the most effective treatments in the greenhouse. In contrast, potassium phosphite was ineffective in both the in vitro and in vivo experiments. The soil bioinoculants MicroSoil, Baktillis, . , and . significantly reduced the incidence of disease in the greenhouse. These results provide evidence for the potential of the various tools as useful components of integrated FWB management in the field.
黑莓枯萎病（FWB）是由一个复合种引起的一种新出现的病害。自2011年以来，墨西哥已损失超过3000公顷的黑莓（ spp.）作物。本研究的目的是：评估从有症状的黑莓植株中分离出的致病 菌株对具有不同作用方式的杀菌剂的敏感性；评估这些杀菌剂和植物抗性诱导剂在温室中对黑莓枯萎病的防治潜力；以及确定商业生物杀菌剂和两种 属本土菌株对黑莓枯萎病发病率的影响。测定了咪鲜胺、噻菌灵、嘧菌酯、甲基硫菌灵、苯醚甲环唑、三氟菌唑和亚磷酸钾对六种致病 菌株的 值。在另一个实验中，测试了活化酯（ASM）、亚磷酸钾和商业生物杀菌剂，以及两种土壤微生物接种剂和两种 属本土菌株对温室中黑莓植株枯萎病发展的防治效果。咪鲜胺对测试的 菌株平均敏感性为0.01 μg/ml，其次是苯醚甲环唑和噻菌灵。咪鲜胺和ASM在温室中被证明是最有效的处理方法。相比之下，亚磷酸钾在体外和体内实验中均无效。土壤生物接种剂MicroSoil、Baktillis、 .. 和 .. 显著降低了温室中的发病率。这些结果为各种工具作为田间综合防治黑莓枯萎病有用组成部分的潜力提供了证据。
