Hughes J R, Hatsukami D K, Mitchell J E, Dahlgren L A
Am J Psychiatry. 1986 Aug;143(8):993-7. doi: 10.1176/ajp.143.8.993.
The prevalence of smoking among psychiatric outpatients (N = 277) was significantly higher than among either local or national population-based samples (N = 1,440 and 17,000) (52% versus 30% and 33%). The higher prevalence was not associated with the age, sex, marital status, socioeconomic status, alcohol use, coffee use, or institutionalization of the psychiatric patients. Smoking was especially prevalent among patients with schizophrenia (88%) or mania (70%) and among the more severely ill patients. Hypotheses about why psychiatric patients are more likely to smoke and why they do not have a high rate of smoking-induced illnesses are presented.
精神科门诊患者（N = 277）的吸烟率显著高于当地或全国基于人群的样本（N = 1440和17000）（分别为52%、30%和33%）。较高的吸烟率与精神科患者的年龄、性别、婚姻状况、社会经济地位、饮酒、喝咖啡或住院情况无关。吸烟在精神分裂症患者（88%）或躁狂症患者（70%）以及病情较重的患者中尤为普遍。本文提出了关于精神科患者为何更易吸烟以及为何吸烟导致疾病的发生率不高的假设。
