Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Nov 25;22(23):12750. doi: 10.3390/ijms222312750.
Osteoporosis is the chronic metabolic bone disease caused by the disturbance of bone remodeling due to the imbalance of osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. A large population suffers from osteoporosis, and most of them are postmenopausal women or older people. To date, bisphosphonates are the main therapeutic agents in the treatment of osteoporosis. However, limited therapeutic effects with diverse side effects caused by bisphosphonates hindered the therapeutic applications and decreased the quality of life. Therefore, an alternative therapy for osteoporosis is still needed. Stem cells, especially mesenchymal stem cells, have been shown as a promising medication for numerous human diseases including many refractory diseases. Recently, researchers found that the extracellular vesicles derived from these stem cells possessed the similar therapeutic potential to that of parental cells. To date, a number of studies demonstrated the therapeutic applications of exogenous MSC-EVs for the treatment of osteoporosis. In this article, we reviewed the basic back ground of EVs, the cargo and therapeutic potential of MSC-EVs, and strategies of engineering of MSC-EVs for osteoporosis treatment.
骨质疏松症是一种慢性代谢性骨病,由于成骨和破骨细胞形成的不平衡,导致骨重建紊乱。大量人群患有骨质疏松症,其中大多数是绝经后妇女或老年人。迄今为止,双膦酸盐是治疗骨质疏松症的主要治疗药物。然而,双膦酸盐的有限治疗效果和多种副作用阻碍了其治疗应用,降低了生活质量。因此,仍然需要一种替代疗法来治疗骨质疏松症。干细胞,特别是间充质干细胞,已被证明是一种有前途的药物,可用于治疗许多人类疾病,包括许多难治性疾病。最近,研究人员发现这些干细胞来源的细胞外囊泡具有与亲本细胞相似的治疗潜力。迄今为止,许多研究已经证明了外源性 MSC-EVs 治疗骨质疏松症的治疗应用。在本文中,我们综述了 EVs 的基本背景、MSC-EVs 的货物和治疗潜力,以及用于骨质疏松症治疗的 MSC-EVs 工程策略。